OpenCV中程序的模板
#include <iostream>
#include"opencv2/opencv.hpp"
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
在OpenCV中,灰度图像的存储示意图
彩色图像的存储示意图,在OpenCV中彩色图像的颜色存储顺序为蓝,绿,红(BGR)
Mat常用的构造函数
Mat::Mat()
Mat::Mat(int rows, int cols, int type)
Mat::Mat(Size size, int type)
Mat::Mat(int rows, int cols, int type, const Scalar& s)
Mat::Mat(Size size, int type, const Scalar& s)
Mat::Mat(const Mat& m)
Mat::Mat(int rows, int cols, int type, void* data, size_t step=AUTO_STEP)
Mat::Mat(Size size, int type, void* data, size_t step=AUTO_STEP)
Mat::Mat(const Mat& m, const Range& rowRange, const Range& colRange)
Mat::Mat(const Mat& m, const Rect& roi)
//构造函数创建图像
Mat M(2,2,CV_8UC3);
//释放内存重新创建图像
M.create(3,2,CV_8UC2);
OpenCV深拷贝和浅拷贝的问题
遍历图像(几种像素值得读写)
方法1
//灰度图像
uchar value=grayim.at<uchar>(i,j);
for(int i=0;igrayim.rows;++i)
for(int j=0;j<grayim.cols;++j)
grayim.at<uchar>(i,j)=(i+j)%255;
//彩色图像
for(int i=0;i<colorim.rows;++i)
for(int j=0;j<colorim.cols;++j)
{
Vec3b pixel;
pixel[0]=i%255; //Blue
pixel[1]=j%255; //Green
pixel[2]=0; //Red
colorim.at<Vec3b>(i,j)=pixel;
}
方法2(迭代器)
//灰度图像
cv::Mat Iterator_<uchar> grayit, grayend;
for( grayit = grayim.begin<uchar>(), grayend = grayim.end<uchar>(); grayit != grayend; ++grayit)
*grayit = rand()%255;
//彩色图像
cv::Mat Iterator_<Vec3b> colorit,colorend;
for(colorit=colorim.begin<Vec3b>(),colorend=colorim.end<Vec3b>();colorit!=colorend;++colorit)
{
(*colorit)[0]=rand()%255; //Blue
(*colorit)[1]=rand()%255; //Green
(*colorit)[2]=rand()%255; //Red
}
方法3
for( int i = 0; i < grayim.rows; ++i)
{
//获取第 i 行首像素指针
uchar * p = grayim.ptr<uchar>(i);
//对第 i 行的每个像素(byte)操作
for( int j = 0; j < grayim.cols; ++j )
p[j] = (i+j)%255;
}
方法4(step)
二维数据
三维数据
addr(Mi0,i1,…im-1) = M.data + M.step[0] * i0 + M.step[1] * i1 + … +M.step[m-1] * im-1 (其中 m = M.dims M的维度)
int main()
{
//新建一个uchar类型的单通道矩阵(grayscale image 灰度图)
Mat m(400, 400, CV_8U, Scalar(0));
for (int col = 0; col < 400; col++)
{
for (int row = 195; row < 205; row++)
{
cout << (int)(*(m.data + m.step[0] * row + m.step[1] * col)) << "==>";
//获取第[row,col]个像素点的地址并用*符号解析
*(m.data + m.step[0] * row + m.step[1] * col) = 255;
cout << (int)(*(m.data + m.step[0] * row + m.step[1] * col)) << endl;
}
}
imshow("binary image", m);
cvWaitKey();
return 0;
}
int main()
{
Mat m = imread("lena.jpg");
Vec3i color;
for (int col = 20; col < 40; col++)
for (int row = 5; row < 25; row++)
{
color[0] = (int)(*(m.data + m.step[0] * row + m.step[1] * col));
color[1] = (int)(*(m.data + m.step[0] * row + m.step[1] * col + m.elemSize1()));
color[2] = (int)(*(m.data + m.step[0] * row + m.step[1] * col + m.elemSize1() * 2));
//获取第[row,col]个像素点的地址并用*符号解析
cout << color[0] << "," << color[1] << "," << color[2] << "==>";
color[0] = 255;
color[1] = 0;
color[2] = 0;
*(m.data + m.step[0] * row + m.step[1] * col) = color[0];
*(m.data + m.step[0] * row + m.step[1] * col + m.elemSize1()) = color[1];
*(m.data + m.step[0] * row + m.step[1] * col + m.elemSize1() * 2) = color[2];
cout << (int)*(m.data + m.step[0] * row + m.step[1] * col) <<
(int)*(m.data + m.step[0] * row + m.step[1] * col + 1) <<
(int)*(m.data + m.step[0] * row + m.step[1] * col + 2) << endl;
}
imshow("lena", m);
cvWaitKey();
return 0;
}
方法5(Mat_类)
Mat M(600, 800, CV_8UC1);
for (int i = 0; i < M.rows; ++i)
{
uchar * p = M.ptr<uchar>(i);
for (int j = 0; j < M.cols; ++j)
{
double d1 = (double)((i + j) % 255);
M.at<uchar>(i, j) = d1;
double d2 = M.at<double>(i, j);
}
}
Mat_<uchar> M1 = (Mat_<uchar>&)M;
for (int i = 0; i < M1.rows; ++i)
{
uchar * p = M1.ptr(i);
for (int j = 0; j < M1.cols; ++j)
{
double d1 = (double)((i + j) % 255);
M1(i, j) = d1;
double d2 = M1(i, j);
}
}
int main()
{
Mat m = imread("lena.jpg");
Mat_<Vec3b>m2 = m;
//for循环画一个蓝色的实心圆
for (int y = 21; y < 42; y++)
for (int x = 2; x < 21; x++)
{
if (pow(double(x - 11), 2) + pow(double(y - 31), 2) - 64 < 0.0000000001)
{
//Mat_模板类实现了对()的重载,可以定位到一个像素
m2(x, y) = Vec3b(255, 0, 0);
}
}
imshow("CircleImage", m2);
cvWaitKey();
return 0;
}
方法6
int divideWith=10;
uchar table[256];
for (int i = 0; i < 256; ++i)
table[i] = divideWith* (i/divideWith); //量化
Mat lookUpTable(1, 256, CV_8U);
uchar* p = lookUpTable.data;
for( int i = 0; i < 256; ++i)
p[i] = table[i];
LUT(I, lookUpTable, Out);
学习OpenCV必备资料
手册:http://docs.opencv.org/
教程:http://docs.opencv.org/2.4/doc/tutorials/tutorials.html
进阶:http://github.com/opencv/opencv/wiki
在OpenCV安装目录下build->doc->opencv_tutorials.pdf 为学习教程