opencv学习--图像处理基础

将图片处理为灰度图

import os
import re
import cv2

from PIL import Image
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pylab as pylab


img=cv2.imread("./111.jpg",0);
cv2.imshow('image',img)
cv2.waitKey(10000);
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

创建一个矩阵，来模拟黑色图像

import os
import re
import cv2

from PIL import Image
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pylab as pylab

img=np.zeros((100,100),dtype=np.uint8); #创建一个8x8的全零数组
print("img=\n",img)
cv2.imshow('image',img)
cv2.waitKey(10000);
cv2.destroyAllWindows();

某一个区域赋值为255，也就是白色

import os
import re
import cv2

from PIL import Image
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pylab as pylab

img=np.zeros((100,100),dtype=np.uint8); #创建一个8x8的全零数组
print("img=\n",img)
cv2.imshow('image',img)
cv2.waitKey(1000);
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

for i in range(30,60):
    for j in range(30,60):
        img[i][j] = 255

cv2.imshow('image',img)
cv2.waitKey(10000);
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

输出蓝色照片

import os
import re
import cv2

from PIL import Image
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pylab as pylab


blue=np.zeros((300,300,3),dtype=np.uint8)
blue[:,:,0]=255
print("blue=",blue)
cv2.imshow('image',blue)
cv2.waitKey(10000)
cv2.destroyAllWindows();

蓝色转灰度

import os
import re
import cv2

from PIL import Image
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pylab as pylab


blue=np.zeros((300,300,3),dtype=np.uint8)
blue[:,:,0]=255
print("blue=",blue)
cv2.imshow('image',blue)
cv2.waitKey(10000)
gray=cv2.cvtColor(blue,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY) #将BGR转换成RGB
cv2.imshow('image',gray)
cv2.waitKey(10000)
cv2.destroyAllWindows();

RGB2BGR

import os
import re
import cv2

from PIL import Image
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pylab as pylab


blue=np.zeros((300,300,3),dtype=np.uint8)
blue[:,:,0]=255
print("blue=",blue)
cv2.imshow('image',blue)
cv2.waitKey(10000)
gray=cv2.cvtColor(blue,cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR) #将BGR转换成RGB
cv2.imshow('image',gray)
cv2.waitKey(10000)
cv2.destroyAllWindows();

截取部分图像

import os
import re
import cv2

from PIL import Image
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pylab as pylab


img=cv2.imread('./111.jpg')
jpg=img[0:200,0:200]
cv2.imshow('image',jpg)
cv2.waitKey(10000)
cv2.destroyAllWindows();

颜色通道提取

import os
import re
import cv2

from PIL import Image
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pylab as pylab

img=cv2.imread('./111.jpg')
b,g,r=cv2.split(img)
print("r=",r)
print("r.shapr=",r.shape)
print("g=",g)
print("g.shapr=",g.shape)
print("b=",b)
print("b.shapr=",b.shape)

通道合并

import os
import re
import cv2

from PIL import Image
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pylab as pylab


img=cv2.imread('./111.jpg')
b,g,r=cv2.split(img)
img=cv2.merge((b,g,r))
print("img.shape=",img.shape);

按照索引拆分

import os
import re
import cv2

from PIL import Image
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pylab as pylab


img=cv2.imread('./111.jpg')
b=img[:,:,0]
g=img[:,:,1]
r=img[:,:,2]
print("r=",r)
print("r.shapr=",r.shape)
print("g=",g)
print("g.shapr=",g.shape)
print("b=",b)
print("b.shapr=",b.shape)

分别只保留r，g，b通道

import os
import re
import cv2

from PIL import Image
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pylab as pylab


img=cv2.imread('./111.jpg')
copy_img = img.copy()
# 0，1，2
copy_img[:,:,0] = 0;
copy_img[:,:,1] = 0;
cv2.imshow('image',copy_img)
cv2.waitKey(10000)
cv2.destroyAllWindows();

颜色通道合成对比

import os
import re
import cv2

from PIL import Image
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pylab as pylab


img=cv2.imread('./111.jpg')
b,g,r=cv2.split(img)
img=cv2.merge((b,g,r)) # b,g,r
print("img.shape=",img.shape);
cv2.imshow('image',img)
cv2.waitKey(10000)
cv2.destroyAllWindows();
img=cv2.merge((r,g,b))   #r,g,b
print("img.shape=",img.shape);
cv2.imshow('image',img)
cv2.waitKey(10000)
cv2.destroyAllWindows();

b,g,r

r,g,b

获取图像属性

import os
import re
import cv2

from PIL import Image
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pylab as pylab

gray_lena=cv2.imread("./111.jpg",0) #获取灰色lena
color_lena=cv2.imread("./111.jpg",-1) #获取BGR彩色lena
print("灰度图像属性")
print("gray_lena.shape={}".format(gray_lena.shape))
print("gray_lena.size={}".format(gray_lena.size))
print("gray_lena.dtype={}".format(gray_lena.dtype))

print("彩色图像lena属性:")
color_lena=cv2.cvtColor(color_lena,cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
pylab.imshow(color_lena)
print("color_lena.shape={}".format(color_lena.shape))
print("color_lena.size={}".format(color_lena.size))
print("color_lena.dtype={}".format(color_lena.dtype))