我这个可以不用jsp页面跳转,所以一个servlet页面就可以运行
下载文件
- 先在自己的maven项目的pom.xml文件中导入依赖
<!-- Servlet依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
- 然后在web.xml文件中注册当前的servlet页面
<!--在里面插入即可-->
<servlet>
<description></description>
<display-name>FileServlet</display-name>
<servlet-name>FileServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>servlet.FileServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>FileServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/FileServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
- 代码实现
package servlet;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* Servlet implementation class FileServlet
*/
//文件下载
public class FileServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
* response)
*/
@SuppressWarnings("resource")
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
// 1.要获取下载文件的路径
// 下面这个直接用的绝对路径
// String realPath =
// "C:\\Users\\29216\\Desktop\\java\\JavaWeb-Maven-Parent\\Response\\src\\main\\resources\\1.jpg";
String realPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/classes/1.jpg");
System.out.println("下载文件的路径: " + realPath);
// 2.下载的文件名是啥?
String filename = realPath.substring(realPath.lastIndexOf("\\") + 1);
// 3.设置想办法让浏览器能够支持(Content-Disposition)下载我们需要的东西URLEncoder.encode(string1,编码)
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename" + URLEncoder.encode(filename, "UTF-8"));
// 4.获取下载文件的输入流
FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(realPath);
// 5.创建缓冲区
int len = 0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
// 6.获取OutputSteam对象
ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
// 7.将FileoutptStream流写入到buffer缓冲区,使用OutputSream加你个缓冲区的数据输出到客户端
while ((len = in.read(buffer, 0, buffer.length)) != -1) {
out.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
out.flush();
in.close();
out.close();
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
* response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
加载验证码
- 在web.xml文件中注册当前的servlet页面
<servlet>
<description></description>
<display-name>ImageServlet</display-name>
<servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>servlet.ImageServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/ImageServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
- 代码实现
package servlet;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* Servlet implementation class ImageServlet
*/
public class ImageServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
* response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
// 如何让浏览器5秒自动刷新一次
response.setHeader("refresh", "3");
// 在内存中创建一个图片
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(80, 20, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);
// 得到图片
Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();// 笔
// 设置图片的背景颜色
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g.fillRect(0, 0, 80, 80);
// 给图片写数据
g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g.setFont(new Font(null, Font.BOLD, 20));
g.drawString(makeNum(), 0, 20);
// 告诉浏览器这个请求用图片的方式打开
response.setContentType("image/jpg");
// 网站存在缓存 ,不让浏览器缓存
response.setDateHeader("expires", -1);
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
// 把图片写给浏览器
ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", response.getOutputStream());
}
// 生成
private String makeNum() {
Random random = new Random();
String num = random.nextInt(9999999) + "";
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < 7 - num.length(); i++) {
sb.append("0");
}
String s = sb.toString() + num;
return num;
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
* response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doGet(request, response);
}
}
或许在以后的学习中用不到这些底层的东西了吧,写个博客留个记录