response的简单应用(下载文件，加载验证码)

我这个可以不用jsp页面跳转，所以一个servlet页面就可以运行

下载文件

• 先在自己的maven项目的pom.xml文件中导入依赖

<!-- Servlet依赖 -->
<dependency>
	<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
	<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
	<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>

• 然后在web.xml文件中注册当前的servlet页面

<!--在里面插入即可-->
<servlet>
	<description></description>
	<display-name>FileServlet</display-name>
	<servlet-name>FileServlet</servlet-name>
	<servlet-class>servlet.FileServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
	<servlet-name>FileServlet</servlet-name>
	<url-pattern>/FileServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

• 代码实现

package servlet;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class FileServlet
 */
//文件下载
public class FileServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
	 *      response)
	 */
	@SuppressWarnings("resource")
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {

//		 1.要获取下载文件的路径
		// 下面这个直接用的绝对路径
//		String realPath = 
//				"C:\\Users\\29216\\Desktop\\java\\JavaWeb-Maven-Parent\\Response\\src\\main\\resources\\1.jpg";
		String realPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/classes/1.jpg");
		System.out.println("下载文件的路径： " + realPath);
//		 2.下载的文件名是啥？
		String filename = realPath.substring(realPath.lastIndexOf("\\") + 1);
//		 3.设置想办法让浏览器能够支持(Content-Disposition)下载我们需要的东西URLEncoder.encode(string1,编码)
		response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename" + URLEncoder.encode(filename, "UTF-8"));
//		 4.获取下载文件的输入流
		FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(realPath);
//		 5.创建缓冲区
		int len = 0;
		byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
//		 6.获取OutputSteam对象
		ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
//		 7.将FileoutptStream流写入到buffer缓冲区,使用OutputSream加你个缓冲区的数据输出到客户端
		while ((len = in.read(buffer, 0, buffer.length)) != -1) {
			out.write(buffer, 0, len);
		}
		out.flush();
		in.close();
		out.close();
	}

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
	 *      response)
	 */
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

加载验证码

• 在web.xml文件中注册当前的servlet页面

<servlet>
	<description></description>
	<display-name>ImageServlet</display-name>
	<servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name>
	<servlet-class>servlet.ImageServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
	<servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name>
	<url-pattern>/ImageServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

• 代码实现

package servlet;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class ImageServlet
 */
public class ImageServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
	 *      response)
	 */
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		// 如何让浏览器5秒自动刷新一次
		response.setHeader("refresh", "3");
		// 在内存中创建一个图片
		BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(80, 20, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);
		// 得到图片
		Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();// 笔
		// 设置图片的背景颜色
		g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
		g.fillRect(0, 0, 80, 80);
		// 给图片写数据
		g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
		g.setFont(new Font(null, Font.BOLD, 20));
		g.drawString(makeNum(), 0, 20);

		// 告诉浏览器这个请求用图片的方式打开
		response.setContentType("image/jpg");
		// 网站存在缓存 ，不让浏览器缓存
		response.setDateHeader("expires", -1);
		response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
		response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");

		// 把图片写给浏览器
		ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", response.getOutputStream());
	}

	// 生成
	private String makeNum() {
		Random random = new Random();
		String num = random.nextInt(9999999) + "";
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
		for (int i = 0; i < 7 - num.length(); i++) {
			sb.append("0");
		}
		String s = sb.toString() + num;
		return num;
	}

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
	 *      response)
	 */
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

或许在以后的学习中用不到这些底层的东西了吧，写个博客留个记录