perl中的foreach

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-05 15:00:32 发布

wunderup

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-05 15:00:32 发布

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分类专栏： Perl 文章标签： perl iterator loops each

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From Wiki

For each (or foreach) is a computer language idiom for traversing items in a collection. Foreach is usually used in place of a standard for statement. Unlike other for loop constructs, however, foreach loops ^[1] usually maintain no explicit counter: they essentially say "do this to everything in this set", rather than "do this x times". This avoids potential off-by-one errors and makes code simpler to read. In object-oriented languages an iterator, even if implicit, is often used as the means of traversal.

#! /usr/bin/perl -W
use strict;

my @array = (1 .. 9);

my $num;
foreach $num(@array) {
$num **= 2;
}
print "@array/n";

输出如下：
1 4 9 16 25 36 49 64 81

在这里很重要的一点在于，控制变量$num代表着＠array中的一个特定项目。如在一个foreach结构的主题内修改控制变量的值，会同时改变控制变量当前代表的那个＠array元素。
因此每次执行foreach内的代码时，＠array的当前值都会发生变化。