区块链技术原理与实践02：网络及远程操作的准备工作

1.登陆到root

[]sudo su

2.安装ssh服务并启动

[]apt install openssh-server []systemctl start ssh []systemctl enable ssh []vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config    //修改下面参数 PermitRootLogin yes PasswordAuthentication yes

***注意***

Ubuntu23.x以前的版本就这样，重启ssh就可以了，但是不知道为什么到23.x版本后就不行了，始终出现：

重启了也没用！最后花了一下午的时间，好不容易在网上看见：

[]#passwd root []#/etc/init.d/ssh restart

重启后终于可以了！

2.添加多张网卡

实验环境网络规划

网段	IP	性质	备注
Nat	DHCP	外联Internet	VMnet8
业务网	静态 192.168.0.0/24	实验室局域网	Vmnet0
内网	静态 100.100.100.0/24	内网	Vmnet1

其中nat网卡①是连接外网的，网卡②vmnet0桥接到实验室局域网段192.168.0.0/24上，网卡③是内网100.100.100.0/24

虚拟机网卡配置如下：VMnet0为192.168.0.1/24

                    VMnet1为100.100.100.1/24

                    VMnet8为DHCP

查看IP

root@wu:~# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000     link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00     inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever     inet6 ::1/128 scope host        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000     link/ether 00:0c:29:50:36:82 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff     altname enp2s1     inet 192.168.137.138/24 metric 100 brd 192.168.137.255 scope global dynamic ens33        valid_lft 1138sec preferred_lft 1138sec     inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe50:3682/64 scope link        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default     link/ether 02:42:e8:cb:11:7a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff     inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 4: ens37: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000     link/ether 00:0c:29:50:36:96 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff     altname enp2s5 5: ens38: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000     link/ether 00:0c:29:50:36:8c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff     altname enp2s6

再查看虚拟机网卡mac地址

因此，可以确定VMnet0是ens38连接VMnet0，即实验室网段的，这里将其ip地址规划为:

192.168.0.138/24

显然ens37连接内网，IP地址规划为

100.100.100.138

root@wu:~# cd /etc/netplan/ root@wu:/etc/netplan# vi 00-installer-config.yaml

添加内容

# Let NetworkManager manage all devices on this system network:   ethernets:     ens33:       dhcp4: true     ens37:       addresses: [100.100.100.138/24]       dhcp4: false       gateway4: 100.100.100.1     ens38:       addresses: [192.168.0.138/24]       dhcp4: false       gateway4: 192.168.0.1   version: 2

配置好后，用下面的命令生效：

[]#netplan apply

然后测试：

测试外网：

root@wu:~# ping www.baidu.com -c 2

PING www.a.shifen.com (183.2.172.42) 56(84) bytes of data.

64 bytes from 183.2.172.42 (183.2.172.42): icmp_seq=1 ttl=52 time=25.4 ms

至此，三张网卡均已成功部署。我们可以远程登陆了.

3.查看镜像源

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list # See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to # newer versions of the distribution. deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar main restricted # deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar main restricted ## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the ## distribution. deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar-updates main restricted # deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar-updates main restricted ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any ## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team. deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar universe # deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar universe deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar-updates universe # deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar-updates universe ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to ## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in ## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu ## security team. deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar multiverse # deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar-updates multiverse # deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar-updates multiverse ## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as ## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes ## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features. ## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review ## or updates from the Ubuntu security team. deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar-backports main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar-security main restricted # deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar-security main restricted deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar-security universe # deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar-security universe deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar-security multiverse # deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar-security multiverse

已经是国内源了，就无需更改了。如果要变成其他源，可以自行修改。

4.更新

root@wu:~# apt-get upgrade

Reading package lists... Done

Building dependency tree... Done

Reading state information... Done

Calculating upgrade... Done

The following packages have been kept back:

  sosreport ubuntu-advantage-tools

The following packages will be upgraded:

  apparmor apport apt apt-utils base-files bind9-dnsutils bind9-host bind9-libs cloud-init distro-info

  distro-info-data initramfs-tools initramfs-tools-bin initramfs-tools-core kpartx libapparmor1

  libapt-pkg6.0 libglib2.0-0 libglib2.0-bin libglib2.0-data libnetplan0 libnss-systemd libpam-systemd

  libsgutils2-2 libsystemd-shared libsystemd0 libudev1 mdadm motd-news-config multipath-tools needrestart

  netplan.io python3-apport python3-distro-info python3-distupgrade python3-pkg-resources

  python3-problem-report python3-setuptools sg3-utils sg3-utils-udev snapd systemd systemd-hwe-hwdb

  systemd-resolved systemd-sysv systemd-timesyncd tzdata tzdata-icu ubuntu-drivers-common

  ubuntu-release-upgrader-core udev ufw

52 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 2 not upgraded.

Need to get 44.7 MB of archives.

After this operation, 5,015 kB disk space will be freed.

Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y

Get:1 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar-updates/main amd64 motd-news-config all 12.3ubuntu2.1 [7,450 B]

Get:2 ……

还走一遍

root@wu:~# apt-get update

Hit:1 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar InRelease

Hit:2 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar-updates InRelease

Hit:3 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar-backports InRelease

Hit:4 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu lunar-security InRelease

Reading package lists... Done

至此，基本的系统工具准备完毕！