Oracle 12c数据库损坏修复

1 前提：备份数据库

查看数据库的模式

SYS@orcl>select open_mode,log_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE	     LOG_MODE
-------------------- ------------
READ WRITE	     ARCHIVELOG

修改RMAN的备份参数

RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on;

new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to '/tmp/backup/%F';

old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/tmp/backup/cs_%F';
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/tmp/backup/%F';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

创建测试表空间，并存放数据

SYS@orcl>create tablespace tbs02 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs002.dbf' size 1m;

Tablespace created.

SYS@orcl>create table bruce.test01 tablespace tbs02 as select * from emp;

Table created.

SYS@orcl>select count(*) from bruce.test01;

  COUNT(*)
----------
	14

在RMAN下面备份数据库

RMAN> backup database format '/tmp/backup/%U' tag=bruce20221216;

Starting backup at 2022-12-16 11:13:48
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs01_001.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/tbs003.dbf
input datafile file number=00008 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs002.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2022-12-16 11:13:48
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2022-12-16 11:13:55
piece handle=/tmp/backup/141fh3vc_1_1 tag=BRUCE20221216 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
Finished backup at 2022-12-16 11:13:55

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-12-16 11:13:55
piece handle=/tmp/backup/c-1648706630-20221216-03 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2022-12-16 11:13:56

查看备份

RMAN> list backup of database;

List of Backup Sets
===================

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time    
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
33      Full    1.23G      DISK        00:00:03     2022-12-16 11:13:51
        BP Key: 33   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: BRUCE20221216
        Piece Name: /tmp/backup/141fh3vc_1_1
  List of Datafiles in backup set 33
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Abs Fuz SCN Sparse Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----------- ------ ----
  1       Full 3900401    2022-12-16 11:13:48              NO    /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
  2       Full 3900401    2022-12-16