SpringMVC+Mybatis框架和SSh整合框架作为目前Java项目开发的主流框架,越来越受到码农们的青睐,它们把Java项目的开发推到了一个新的高度,使得开发过程更加规范化,简单化,大大提高了开发效率,节省了开发成本,切对项目的后期维护也有了一个很好地铺垫等等,关于框架开发的好处,我在这就不多阐述,网上有些大神总结的比我好千倍万倍,百度一下你就知道。毕业进入公司后,接触的项目开发大部分是SpringMVC整合Mybatis开发,基本不再用到SSH(据说SSH框架已经逐渐被打入冷宫,没有以前那么被宠幸了),根据自己的实战经验总结了几个项目下来的经验教训,如有不对的地方,还望各位大神多指点。
SpringMVC+Mybatis框架开发过程中会用到许多的开发插件,这些插件使得我们的开发更加高效,如同给开发添加了一个外挂,省去了很大一部分时间,目前用到比较多的项目管理工具有maven,数据库自动映射实体工具:generator,关于他们的介绍和用法网上很多,不多讲。
MyBatis是ibatis的升级版,作为hibernate的老对手,它 是一个可以自定义SQL、存储过程和高级映射的持久层框架。
与hibernate的主要区别就是mybatis是半自动化的,而hibernate是全自动的,所以当应用需求越来越复杂的时候,自动化的sql显得比较笨拙。
1.整合SpringMVC
springMybatis-servlet.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 启用spring mvc 注解-->
<mvc:annotation-driven>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 自动扫描的包名 ,使Spring支持自动检测组件,如注解的Controller-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.alibaba.controller" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.alibaba.service"/>
<!-- 视图解析器:定义跳转的文件的前后缀 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> <!--可为空,方便实现自已的依据扩展名来选择视图解释类的逻辑 -->
</bean>
<!--配置拦截器, 多个拦截器,顺序执行 -->
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<!-- 匹配的是url路径 -->
<mvc:mapping path="/" />
<mvc:mapping path="/user/**" />
<mvc:mapping path="/test/**" />
<bean class="com.alibaba.interceptor.CommonInterceptor"></bean>
</mvc:interceptor>
<!-- 当设置多个拦截器时,先按顺序调用preHandle方法,然后逆序调用每个拦截器的postHandle和afterCompletion方法 -->
</mvc:interceptors>
</beans>
2.整合Mybatis
spring-dao.xml: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mybatis="http://mybatis.org/schema/mybatis-spring"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://mybatis.org/schema/mybatis-spring http://mybatis.org/schema/mybatis-spring.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 该包下的类支持注解,表示会被当作{@code mybatis mapper}处理 配置了之后表示可以自动引入mapper类-->
<mybatis:scan base-package="com.alibaba.dao"/>
<!--引入属性文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:configuration.properties"/>
<!--数据库连接-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
<!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 -->
<property name="initialSize"><value>1</value></property>
<property name="maxActive"><value>5</value></property>
<property name="minIdle"><value>1</value></property>
<!-- 配置获取连接等待超时的时间 -->
<property name="maxWait"><value>60000</value></property>
<!-- 配置监控统计拦截的filters -->
<property name="filters"><value>stat</value></property>
<!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测,检测需要关闭的空闲连接,单位是毫秒 -->
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis"><value>60000</value></property>
<!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间,单位是毫秒 -->
<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis"><value>300000</value></property>
<!--
<property name="validationQuery"><value>SELECT 'x'</value></property>
<property name="testWhileIdle"><value>true</value></property>
<property name="testOnBorrow"><value>false</value></property>
<property name="testOnReturn"><value>false</value></property>
<property name="poolPreparedStatements"><value>true</value></property>
<property name="maxOpenPreparedStatements"><value>20</value></property>
-->
</bean>
<!-- mybatis配置 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
</beans>
3.web.xml整合SpringMVC和Mybatis
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">
<!-- 该servlet为tomcat,jetty等容器提供,将静态资源映射从/改为/static/目录,如原来访问 http://localhost/foo.css ,现在http://localhost/static/foo.css -->
<!-- 不拦截静态文件 -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/js/*</url-pattern>
<url-pattern>/css/*</url-pattern>
<url-pattern>/images/*</url-pattern>
<url-pattern>/fonts/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 配置字符集 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 初始化 DispatcherServlet时,该框架在 web应用程序WEB-INF目录中寻找一个名为[servlet-名称]-servlet.xml的文件,
并在那里定义相关的Beans,重写在全局中定义的任何Beans -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMybatis</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMybatis</servlet-name>
<!-- 所有的的请求,都会被DispatcherServlet处理 -->
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/config/spring-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- druid web 监控 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DruidStatView</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DruidStatView</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/druid/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<error-page>
<error-code>404</error-code>
<location>/error/404.jsp</location>
</error-page>
<error-page>
<error-code>500</error-code>
<location>/error/500.jsp</location>
</error-page>
</web-app>
4.logback.xml日志配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<encoder>
<pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>
<logger name="test.LogbackTest" level="TRACE"/>
<logger name="com.alibaba.controller.TestController" level="TRACE"/>
<logger name="org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet" level="DEBUG" />
<logger name="druid.sql" level="INFO" /><!-- 如果spring-config里面没有配置slf4j,就不会显示sql日志,logback只是slf4j的一个实现 -->
<root level="debug">
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
</root>
</configuration>
5.configuration.properties配置
jdbc.url=jdbc\:mysql\://localhost\:3306/druid?useUnicode\=true&characterEncoding\=UTF-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior\=convertToNull
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
6.测试搭建是否成功,后台代码
首先是登录,用了加密,可以去掉 package com.alibaba.controller;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.DigestUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import com.alibaba.model.User;
import com.alibaba.service.UserService;
import com.alibaba.util.RequestUtil;
/**
* @author
* 2016-2-19
*/
@Controller
public class SystemController {
private final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SystemController.class);
@Resource
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping(value = "/",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String home() {
log.info("返回首页!");
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/test/hello",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String testHello() {
log.info("执行了testHello方法!");
return "testHello";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/login",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String testLogin(HttpServletRequest request,@RequestParam String username, @RequestParam String password) {
log.info("执行了testLogin方法!");
User user = userService.findUserByName(username);
if(user!=null){
if(user.getPassword().equals(DigestUtils.md5Hex(password))){
request.getSession().setAttribute("userId", user.getId());
request.getSession().setAttribute("user", username);
return "redirect:" + RequestUtil.retrieveSavedRequest();//跳转至访问页面
}else{
log.info("密码错误");
request.getSession().setAttribute("message", "用户名密码错误,请重新登录");
return "login";
}
}else{
log.info("用户名不存在");
request.getSession().setAttribute("message", "用户名不存在,请重新登录");
return "login";
}
}
}
关于service和model就不写了,写一下mybatis的mapper类映射
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.alibaba.dao.UserMapper">
<select id="findUserByName" resultType="com.alibaba.model.User">
select id, username , password from sysuser where username = #{username}
</select>
</mapper>