驱动——串口工具点灯实验

 通过串口工具输入命令，操作LED灯的点亮与熄灭

要求：

1）分部实现注册字符设备驱动

2）自动创建设备节点

3）通过结构体对led灯地址进行映射

4）次设备号完成私有数据传参

代码实现：

1、头文件代码的编写：

①对GPIO寄存器进行结构体的封装

②对寄存器的地址进行宏定义

③通过枚举给LED灯进行赋值

 2、编写功能代码：

open函数：

通过inode结构体获取次设备号，并通过私有数据进行传参

入口函数：

①分布实现字符设备驱动

a：分配字符设备驱动（struct cdev *cdev_alloc(void)）

b：完成设备驱动的初始化（void cdev_init(struct cdev *cdev, const struct file_operations *fops)）

c：申请设备号（静态指定：int register_chrdev_region(dev_t from, unsigned count, const char *name)；动态申请：int alloc_chrdev_region(dev_t *dev, unsigned baseminor, unsigned count, const char *name)）

d：注册字符设备驱动（int cdev_add(struct cdev *p, dev_t dev, unsigned count)）

②完成LED灯相应寄存器的初始化

③自动创建设备节点（class_create提交目录信息，device_create提交设备节点信息）

出口函数：

a：销毁设备节点信息

b：释放驱动

c：释放设备号

d：注销字符设备驱动

许可证

 附：实现代码

头文件：

#ifndef __MYLED_H__
#define __MYLED_H_

typedef struct{
    volatile unsigned int MODER;
    volatile unsigned int OTYPER;
    volatile unsigned int OSPEEDR;
    volatile unsigned int PUPDR;
    volatile unsigned int IDR;
    volatile unsigned int ODR;
}gpio_t;

#define GPIOE_ADDR 0x50006000
#define GPIOF_ADDR 0x50007000
#define RCC_ADDR 0x50000A28

typedef enum{
    LED1,
    LED2,
    LED3,
}leds_t;

#endif

 makefile代码：

ARCH ?= x86
FILE ?= led
ARM:=arm
X86:=x86
ifeq ($(ARCH),$(ARM))
KERNEDIR:=/home/ubuntu/linux-5.10.61
endif
ifeq ($(ARCH),$(X86))
KERNEDIR:=/lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build
endif
PWD:=$(shell pwd)
KBUILD_EXTRA_SYMBOLS:=/home/ubuntu/ww/driver/01_linux/03_sym/01_demo/Module.symvers
all:
	make -C $(KERNEDIR) M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
	make -C $(KERNEDIR) M=$(PWD) clean
obj-m:=$(FILE).o

 功能代码：

#include<linux/init.h>
#include<linux/module.h>
#include<linux/device.h>
#include<linux/fs.h>
#include<linux/cdev.h>
#include<linux/slab.h>
#include<linux/uaccess.h>
#include<linux/io.h>
#include"./led.h"
#define GNAME "mydev"

volatile gpio_t* VIRT_GPIOE;
volatile gpio_t* VIRT_GPIOF;
volatile unsigned int* VIRT_RCC;

unsigned int major =0;
char kbuf[128]={0};
struct cdev* cdev;
struct class * cls;
struct device *devic;
dev_t dev1;
int minor = 0;
unsigned count=3;

int mydev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    int min;
    printk("%s:%s:%d",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
    
    min=MINOR(inode->i_rdev);
    file->private_data=(void*)min;
    return 0;
}
ssize_t mydev_read(struct file *file, char __user *ubuf, size_t size, loff_t * loff)
{
    printk("%s:%s:%d",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
    return 0;
}
ssize_t mydev_write(struct file *file, const char __user *ubuf, size_t size, loff_t *loff)
{
    int ret;
    int min;
    //printk("%s:%s:%d",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
    if(size > sizeof(kbuf)) size = sizeof(kbuf);
    ret = copy_from_user(kbuf,ubuf,size);
    if(ret)
    {
        printk("copy from user is error\n");
        return -EIO;
    }
    //printk("copy from user kbuf = %s\n",kbuf);
    min=(int)file->private_data;
    switch(min)
    {
        case 0:
                if(kbuf[0]=='1')
                {
                    VIRT_GPIOE->ODR |= (0x1<<10);
                }
                else if(kbuf[0]=='0')
                {
                    VIRT_GPIOE->ODR &= (~(0x1<<10));
                }
                break;
        case 2:
                if(kbuf[0]=='1')
                {
                    VIRT_GPIOE->ODR |= (0x1<<8);
                }
                else if(kbuf[0]=='0')
                {
                    VIRT_GPIOE->ODR &= (~(0x1<<8));
                }
                break;
        case 1:
                if(kbuf[0]=='1')
                {
                    VIRT_GPIOF->ODR |= (0x1<<10);
                }
                else if(kbuf[0]=='0')
                {
                    VIRT_GPIOF->ODR &= (~(0x1<<10));
                }
                break;
    }
    return 0;
}

int mydev_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    printk("%s:%s:%d",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
    return 0;
}
struct file_operations fops={
    .open=mydev_open,
    .read=mydev_read,
    .write=mydev_write,
    .release=mydev_close,
};
static int __init myled_init(void)
{
    int i;
    int ret;
    //分配字符设备驱动
    cdev=cdev_alloc();
    if(NULL==cdev)
    {
        printk("cdev alloc error\n");
        goto ERR1;
    }
    //设备驱动初始化
    cdev_init(cdev,&fops);
    //申请设备号
    if(major>0)
    {
        ret=register_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major,minor),count,GNAME);
        if(ret!=0)
        {
            printk("register chrdev region error\n");
            ret = -ENOMEM;
            goto ERR2;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        ret=alloc_chrdev_region(&dev1,0,count,GNAME);
        if(ret!=0)
        {
            printk("alloc chrdev region error\n");
            ret = -ENOMEM;
            goto ERR2;
        }
        major = MAJOR(dev1);
        minor = MINOR(dev1);
    }

    //驱动的注册
    ret = cdev_add(cdev,MKDEV(major,minor),count);
    if(ret!=0)
    {
        printk("cdev add error\n");
        ret = -EIO;
        goto ERR3;
    }
    //寄存器初始化
    VIRT_RCC = ioremap(RCC_ADDR,4);
    if(NULL == VIRT_RCC)
    {
        printk("VIRT_RCC error\n");
        return -ENXIO;
    }
    VIRT_GPIOE = ioremap(GPIOE_ADDR,sizeof(gpio_t));
    if(NULL == VIRT_GPIOE)
    {
        printk("VIRT_GPIOE error\n");
        return -ENXIO;
    }
    VIRT_GPIOF = ioremap(GPIOF_ADDR,sizeof(gpio_t));
    if(NULL == VIRT_GPIOF)
    {
        printk("VIRT_GPIOF error\n");
        return -ENXIO;
    }
    *VIRT_RCC |= (0x3<<4);

    VIRT_GPIOE->MODER &= (~(0x3<<20));
    VIRT_GPIOE->MODER |= (0x1<<20);
    VIRT_GPIOE->ODR &= (~(0x1<<10));

    VIRT_GPIOE->MODER &= (~(0x3<<16));
    VIRT_GPIOE->MODER |= (0x1<<16);
    VIRT_GPIOE->ODR &= (~(0x1<<8));

    VIRT_GPIOF->MODER &= (~(0x3<<20));
    VIRT_GPIOF->MODER |= (0x1<<20);
    VIRT_GPIOF->ODR &= (~(0x1<<10));
    //自动创建设备节点
   
    cls = class_create(THIS_MODULE,GNAME);
    if(IS_ERR(cls))
    {
        ret = PTR_ERR(cls);
        goto ERR4;
    }
    for(i=0;i<count;i++)
    {
    devic = device_create(cls,NULL,MKDEV(major,i),NULL,"myled%d",i);
    if(IS_ERR(devic))
    {
        ret = PTR_ERR(devic);
        goto ERR5;
    }
    }
    return 0;
ERR5:
    for(--i;i>=0;i--)
    {
        device_destroy(cls,MKDEV(major,i));
    }
    class_destroy(cls);
ERR4:
    cdev_del(cdev);
ERR3:
    unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major,minor),count);
ERR2:
    kfree(cdev);
ERR1:
    return -EIO;
  

}

static void __exit myled_exit(void)
{
    int i;
    //销毁设备节点信息
    for(i=0;i<count;i++)
    {
    device_destroy(cls,MKDEV(major,i));
    }
    class_destroy(cls);
    //释放驱动
    cdev_del(cdev);
    //释放设备号
    unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major,minor),count);
    //注销字符设备驱动
    
    kfree(cdev);
}

module_init(myled_init);
module_exit(myled_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

点灯测试现象：

1.在串口工具进行输入：

echo 1 > /dev/myled0 ---->led1灯点亮

echo 0 > /dev/myled0 ---->led1灯熄灭

echo 1 > /dev/myled1 ---->led1灯点亮

echo 0 > /dev/myled1 ---->led1灯熄灭

echo 1 > /dev/myled2 ---->led1灯点亮

echo 0 > /dev/myled2 ---->led1灯熄灭

点灯实验现象

 

串口点灯实验现象