策略模式（Strategy Pattern）

策略模式（Strategy Pattern）

• 描述:定义了算法族，分别封装起来，让他们之间可以相互替换，此模式让算法的变化独立于使用算法的用户
• UML 类图：
  
• 代码举例：

class FlyBehavior
{
    virtual void fly();
}
class FBA : public FlyBehavior
{
    virtual void fly()
    { std::cout<<"FBA"<<std::endl; }
}
class FBB : public FlyBehavior
{
    virtual void fly()
    { std::cout<<"FBB"<<std::endl; }
}

class QuackBehavior
{
    virtual void quack();
}
class QBA : public QuackBehavior
{
    virtual void quack()
    { std::cout<<"QBA"<<std::endl; }
}
class QBB : public QuackBehavior
{
    virtual void quack()
    { std::cout<<"QBB"<<std::endl; }
}

class Duck
{
public:
    void swim();
    void display();
    
    void performQuack()
    { m_pQuackBehavior->quack(); }
    
    void performFly()
    { m_pFlyBehavior->fly(); }
    
    void setFlyBehavior(FlyBehavior*& fb)
    { m_pFlyBehavior = fb; }
    
    void setQuackBehavior(QuackBehavior*& qb)
    { m_pQuackBehavior = qb; }
    
    virtual void display()
    { std::cout<<"Duck"<<std::endl; }
    
    FlyBehavior* m_pFlyBehavior;
    QuackBehavior* m_pQuackBehavior;
}

class DuckA : public Duck
{
public:
    DuckA()
    {
        m_pFlyBehavior = new FBA;
        m_pQuackBehavior = new QBA;
    }
    
    virtual void display()
    { std::cout<<"DuckA"<<std::endl; }
}

class DuckB : pulic Duck
{
public:
    DuckB()
    {
        m_pFlyBehavior = new FBB;
        m_pQuackBehavior = new QBB;
    }
    
    virtual viod display()
    { std::cout<<"DuckB"<<std::endl; }
}

int main()
{
    DuckA* duckA= new DuckA();
    duckA->performFly(); //print: "FBA"
    duckA->performQuack(); //print: "QBA"
    
    DuckB* duckB = new DuckB();
    duckB->performFly(); //print:"FBB"
    duckB->performQuack(); //print: "QBB"
    
    duckA->setFlyBehavior(new FBB);
    duckA->performFly(); //print: "FBB"
}