java 过滤器（filter）

基本概念：

过滤器在web项目中的位置：web浏览器 -》 web容器 - 》filter 过滤器 -》目标资源（jsp，html等）
过滤器主要的作用: 限制用户请求，字符编码等
实现方法：自定义过滤器类实现let.Filter 类和其 的doFilter() 方法，并在web.xml 文件中配置filter
过滤器的分类：request，include，forward，error

filter demo

package mav.filter;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class TestFilter implements Filter {

    @Override
    public void destroy() {

        System.out.println("TestFilter destroy .....");
    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
            FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
        HttpServletResponse resp = (HttpServletResponse) response;
        System.out.println("chain.doFilter begin...");
        chain.doFilter(req, resp);
        System.out.println("chain.doFilter end...");
    }

    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {

        System.out.println("TestFilter init .......");
    }

}

<filter>
        <filter-name>testFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>mav.filter.TestFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>testFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>*.jsp</url-pattern>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

如果使用注解的方式，不需要在web.xml 中配置，注解方式如下：

@WebFilter(value={"*.jsp"}, filterName="testFilter")
public class TestFilter implements Filter {