黑马程序员_网络编程

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一、UDP与TCP区别

 

    TCP---传输控制协议,提供的是面向连接、可靠的字节流服务。当客户和服务器彼此交换数据前，必须先在双方之间建立一个TCP连接，之后才能传输数据。TCP提供超时重发，丢弃重复数据，检验数据，流量控制等功能，保证数据能从一端传到另一端。

    UDP---用户数据报协议，是一个简单的面向数据报的运输层协议。UDP不提供可靠性，它只是把应用程序传给IP层的数据报发送出去，但是并不能保证它们能到达目的地。由于UDP在传输数据报前不用在客户和服务器之间建立一个连接，且没有超时重发等机制，故而传输速度很快

 

二、UDP编程

    客户端

        从键盘录入内容，发往服务器端

    public static void main(String []args) throws Exception{

        DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket();

        BufferedReader bfr = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

        String line = null;

        while((line=bfr.readLine())!=null){

            if("886".equals(line)){

                break;

            }

            byte[] by = line.getBytes();

            DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(by,by.length,InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),10001);

            ds.send(dp);

        } 

        ds.close();

    }

    服务器端

    public static void main(String []args)throws Exception{

        DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket(10001);

        while(true){

            byte[] by = new byte[1024];

            DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(by,by.length);

            ds.receive(dp);

            String data = new String(dp.getData(),0,dp.getLength());

            System.out.println(data);

        }       

        ds.close(); 

    }

三、TCP编程

 

    客户端

         public static void main(String[] args) {

                   Socket socket = null;

                   InputStream is = null;

                   OutputStream os = null;

                   String serverIP = "127.0.0.1";//服务器端IP地址

                   int port = 10000; //服务器端端口号

                   String data = "Hello";//发送内容

                    try {

                           socket = new Socket(serverIP,port); //建立连接

                            os = socket.getOutputStream();//发送数据

                            os.write(data.getBytes());

                            is = socket.getInputStream(); //接收数据

                            byte[] b = new byte[1024];

                            int n = is.read(b);

                           System.out.println("服务器反馈：" + new String(b,0,n));//输出反馈数据

                   } catch (Exception e) {

                            e.printStackTrace(); //打印异常信息

                   }finally{

                            try {

                                     //关闭流和连接

                                     is.close();

                                     os.close();

                                     socket.close();

                            } catch (Exception e2) {}

                   }

         }

 

服务器端

         public static void main(String[] args) {

                   ServerSocket serverSocket = null;

                   Socket socket = null;

                   OutputStream os = null;

                   InputStream is = null;

                    int port = 10000; //监听端口号

                   try {

                              serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);//建立连接

                             socket = serverSocket.accept(); //获得连接

                              is = socket.getInputStream(); //接收客户端发送内容

                            byte[] b = new byte[1024];

                            int n = is.read(b);

                            //输出

                            System.out.println("客户端发送内容为：" + new String(b,0,n));

                            //向客户端发送反馈内容

                            os = socket.getOutputStream();

                            os.write(b, 0, n);

                   } catch (Exception e) {

                            e.printStackTrace();

                   }finally{

                            try{

                                     //关闭流和连接

                                     os.close();

                                     is.close();

                                     socket.close();

                                     serverSocket.close();

                            }catch(Exception e){}

                   }

         }

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