简单线程池C++

// ThreadPool.h

#ifndef THREAD_POOL_H
#define THREAD_POOL_H

#include <condition_variable>
#include <functional>
#include <future>
#include <memory>
#include <mutex>
#include <queue>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <thread>
#include <vector>

class ThreadPool
{
public:
    ThreadPool(size_t);
    template <class F, class... Args>
    auto enqueue(F&& f, Args&&... args) -> std::future<typename std::result_of<F(Args...)>::type>;
    ~ThreadPool();

private:
    // need to keep track of threads so we can join them
    std::vector<std::thread> workers;
    // the task queue
    std::queue<std::function<void()> > tasks;

    // synchronization
    std::mutex              queue_mutex;
    std::condition_variable condition;
    bool                    stop;
};

// the constructor just launches some amount of workers
inline ThreadPool::ThreadPool(size_t threads) : stop(false)
{
    for (size_t i = 0; i < threads; ++i)
        workers.emplace_back(
            [this]
            {
                for (;;)
                {
                    std::function<void()> task;

                    {
                        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(this->queue_mutex);
                        this->condition.wait(lock, [this] { return this->stop || !this->tasks.empty(); });
                        if (this->stop && this->tasks.empty())
                            return;
                        task = std::move(this->tasks.front());
                        this->tasks.pop();
                    }

                    task();
                }
            });
}

// add new work item to the pool
template <class F, class... Args>
auto ThreadPool::enqueue(F&& f, Args&&... args) -> std::future<typename std::result_of<F(Args...)>::type>
{
    using return_type = typename std::result_of<F(Args...)>::type;

    auto task = std::make_shared<std::packaged_task<return_type()> >(std::bind(std::forward<F>(f), std::forward<Args>(args)...));

    std::future<return_type> res = task->get_future();
    {
        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(queue_mutex);

        // don't allow enqueueing after stopping the pool
        if (stop)
            throw std::runtime_error("enqueue on stopped ThreadPool");

        tasks.emplace([task]() { (*task)(); });
    }
    condition.notify_one();
    return res;
}

// the destructor joins all threads
inline ThreadPool::~ThreadPool()
{
    {
        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(queue_mutex);
        stop = true;
    }
    condition.notify_all();
    for (std::thread& worker : workers)
        worker.join();
}

#endif# 

// example.cpp

#include <chrono>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

#include "ThreadPool.h"

void print(int i)
{
    std::cout << i << std::endl;
}

int main()
{
    ThreadPool pool(4);

    for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++)
    {
        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(i));
        pool.enqueue(print, i);
    }

    // std::vector<std::future<int> > results;

    // for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i)
    // {
    //     results.emplace_back(pool.enqueue(
    //         [i]
    //         {
    //             std::cout << "hello " << i << std::endl;
    //             std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
    //             std::cout << "world " << i << std::endl;
    //             return i * i;
    //         }));
    // }

    // for (auto&& result : results)
    //     std::cout << result.get() << ' ';
    // std::cout << std::endl;

    return 0;
}