windows消息

Windows的消息系统是由3个部分组成的：
1 消息队列。Windows能够为所有的应用程序维护一个消息队列。应用程序必须从消息队列中获取
消息，然后分派给某个窗口。

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2消息循环。通过这个循环机制应用程序从消息队列中检索消息，再把它分派给适当的窗口，然
后继续从消息队列中检索下一条消息，再分派给适当的窗口，依次进行。

3 窗口过程。每个窗口都有一个窗口过程来接收传递给窗口的消息，它的任务就是获取消息然后
响应它。窗口过程是一个回调函数；处理了一个消息后，它通常要返回一个值给Windows。

#include <windows.h> 
// Global variable 
HINSTANCE hinst; 
// Function prototypes. 
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE, HINSTANCE, LPSTR, int); 
InitApplication(HINSTANCE); 
InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int); 
LRESULT CALLBACK MainWndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); //窗口过程
// Application entry point. 
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hinstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, 
    LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) 
{ 
    MSG msg; 
    if (!InitApplication(hinstance)) 
        return FALSE; 
    if (!InitInstance(hinstance, nCmdShow)) 
        return FALSE; 
    while (GetMessage(&msg, (HWND) NULL, 0, 0) != 0 && GetMessage(&msg, (HWND) NULL, 0, 0) != -1) //消息循环
    { 
        TranslateMessage(&msg); 
        DispatchMessage(&msg); 
    } 
    return msg.wParam; 
   UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lpCmdLine); 
} 
 
BOOL InitApplication(HINSTANCE hinstance) 
{ 
    WNDCLASSEX wcx; 
 
    // Fill in the window class structure with parameters 
    // that describe the main window. 
 
    wcx.cbSize = sizeof(wcx);          // size of structure 
    wcx.style = CS_HREDRAW | 
        CS_VREDRAW;                    // redraw if size changes 
    wcx.lpfnWndProc = MainWndProc;     // points to window procedure 
    wcx.cbClsExtra = 0;                // no extra class memory 
    wcx.cbWndExtra = 0;                // no extra window memory 
    wcx.hInstance = hinstance;         // handle to instance 
    wcx.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, 
        IDI_APPLICATION);              // predefined app. icon 
    wcx.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, 
        IDC_ARROW);                    // predefined arrow 
    wcx.hbrBackground = GetStockObject( 
        WHITE_BRUSH);                  // white background brush 
    wcx.lpszMenuName =  "MainMenu";    // name of menu resource 
    wcx.lpszClassName = "MainWClass";  // name of window class 
    wcx.hIconSm = LoadImage(hinstance, // small class icon 
        MAKEINTRESOURCE(5),
        IMAGE_ICON, 
        GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSMICON), 
        GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSMICON), 
        LR_DEFAULTCOLOR); 
 
    // Register the window class. 
 
    return RegisterClassEx(&wcx); 
} 
 
BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hinstance, int nCmdShow) 
{ 
    HWND hwnd; 
    hinst = hinstance; // Save the application-instance handle. 
    // Create the main window. 
    hwnd = CreateWindow( 
        "MainWClass",        // name of window class 
        "Sample",            // title-bar string 
        WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, // top-level window 
        CW_USEDEFAULT,       // default horizontal position 
        CW_USEDEFAULT,       // default vertical position 
        CW_USEDEFAULT,       // default width 
        CW_USEDEFAULT,       // default height 
        (HWND) NULL,         // no owner window 
        (HMENU) NULL,        // use class menu 
        hinstance,           // handle to application instance 
        (LPVOID) NULL);      // no window-creation data 
    if (!hwnd) 
        return FALSE; 
    // Show the window and send a WM_PAINT message to the window procedure. 
    ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow); 
    UpdateWindow(hwnd); 
    return TRUE; 
} 
LRESULT CALLBACK MainWndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT umsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
  switch (umsg)
  {
    // Add cases such as WM_CREATE, WM_COMMAND, WM_PAINT if you don’t 
    // want to pass these messages along for default processing.

    case WM_CLOSE:
      DestroyWindow (hwnd);
      return 0;

    case WM_DESTROY:
      PostQuitMessage (0);
      return 0;
  }

  return DefWindowProc (hwnd, umsg, wParam, lParam);
}