进程通信之信号量

信号量通信设计到的几个函数原型：

int semget(key_t key,int num_sems,int sem_flags);      //创建或者获得已经存在的信号量集合，第二个参数表示信号量集合中的信号量个数

semctl(int sem_id, int sem_num,int cmmand,......);     //对信号量进行操作，包括初始化，删除信号量

semop(int sem_id,struct sembuf * sem_ops ,size_t  num_sem_ops) ;   //对信号量进行PV操作

struct sembuf{

unsigned short int sem_num;

short int sem_op;

short int sem_flg;  //SEM_UNDO

}

 

#include<sys/sem.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<sys/wait.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>

#define KEY 2345

union semun{
 int val;
 struct semid_ds* buf;
 unsigned short int* array;
};

void PV(int sem_id,int op)   //封装PV操作
{
 struct sembuf sem_b;
 sem_b.sem_num = 0;
 sem_b.sem_op = op;
 sem_b.sem_flg = SEM_UNDO;
 int ret;
 ret = semop(sem_id,&sem_b,1);
 if(ret != 0)
 printf("semop failed\n");
}

int main()
{
 pid_t pid;
 int sem_id = semget((key_t)KEY,1,0666 | IPC_CREAT);
 union semun sem_un;
 sem_un.val = 1;
 semctl(sem_id,0,SETVAL,sem_un);  //init sema
 if(sem_id < 0)
 {
  fprintf(stderr,"semget function failed\n");
  return 1;
 }
 pid = fork();
 if(pid < 0)
 {
  fprintf(stderr,"fork function failed\n");
  return 1;
 }
 else if(pid == 0)
 {
  sleep(2);
  fprintf(stdout,"this is child process\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"child wait for father V\n");
  PV(sem_id,-1);  //p
  fprintf(stdout,"child do P\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"child do V \n");  //V
  PV(sem_id,1);
 }
 else
 { 
  fprintf(stdout,"this is father process\n");
  PV(sem_id,-1);  //p
  fprintf(stdout,"father do P\n");
  sleep(10);
  fprintf(stdout,"father do V \n");  //V
  PV(sem_id,1); 
 }
 waitpid(pid,NULL,0);
 semctl(sem_id,0,IPC_RMID,sem_un);
 return 0;

 
}