Linux下Centos7静默安装oracle 11gR2--过程详解

centos7 install oracle 11gR2

1.安装依赖软件包

yum -y install gcc make binutils gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static elfutils-libelf-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel pcre-devel 

2.创建oracle用户和组

groupadd oinstall   
groupadd dba   
groupadd asmadmin   
groupadd asmdba   
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle -d /home/oracle   
passwd oracle

3.修改内核参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf 
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 
fs.file-max = 6815744 
kernel.shmall = 2097152 
kernel.shmmax = 536870912 
kernel.shmmni = 4096 
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 
net.core.rmem_default = 262144 
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 
net.core.wmem_default = 262144 
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 

/sbin/sysctl -p 

4.修改用户限制

vi /etc/security/limits.conf 
oracle soft nproc 2047 
oracle hard nproc 16384 
oracle soft nofile 1024 
oracle hard nofile 65536 
oracle soft stack 10240 
oracle hard stack 10240 

vi /etc/pam.d/login 
session    required    pam_limits.so 

vi /etc/profile 
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then 
   if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then 
      ulimit -p 16384 
      ulimit -n 65536 
      else 
      ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 
   fi 
fi 

source /etc/profile 

5.创建安装目录

mkdir -p /data/app/oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall oracle
chmod -R 775 /data/app/oracle

6.配置环境变量

su - oracle 

vi ~/.bash_profile 

export ORACLE_BASE=/data/app/oracle 
export ORACLE_SID=orcl 


source ~/.bash_profile 

7.准备安装文件

su - root
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip 
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip 

8.复制响应文件模板

mkdir -p /home/oracle/etc 
cp /home/oracle/database/response/* /home/oracle/etc/ 

9.静默安装Oracle软件

su - oracle 
vi /home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp 
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY 
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=localhost 
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall 
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/data/app/oracle/oraInventory 
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN 
ORACLE_HOME=/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 
ORACLE_BASE=/data/app/oracle 
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE 
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=true 
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba 
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall 
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE 
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl 
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl 
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512 
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle 
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

10.安装

database/runInstaller -silent -force -responseFile /home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq 

su - root
/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

11.配置数据库环境变量

su - oracle

vi ~/.bash_profile

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export PATH=.:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/JRE/lib
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export LIBPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/ctx/lib
export ORACLE_OWNER=oracle
export SPFILE_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs
export ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data

source ~/.bash_profile

12.配置网络

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca /silent /responseFile /home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp

13.安装数据库

vi /home/oracle/etc/dbca.rsp

GDBNAME = "orcl.localhost"
SID = "orcl"
SYSPASSWORD = "oracle"

SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle"
CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8"
NATIONALCHARACTERSET="UTF8"

开始安装：

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/etc/dbca.rsp

14.建库后实例检查

ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep | wc -l
ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep

15.建库后监听检查

lsnrctl status

16.修改监听配置

先停止监听服务

lsnrctl stop

修改配置

vi  /data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

添加以下：

SID_LIST_LISTENER=
  (SID_LIST=
    (SID_DESC=
        (GLOBAL_DBNAME=orcl)
        (SID_NAME=orcl)
        (ORACLE_HOME=/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
        (PRESPAWN_MAX=20)
        (PRESPAWN_LIST=
          (PRESPAWN_DESC=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(POOL_SIZE=2)(TIMEOUT=1))
        )
    )
  )

重启监听服务：

lsnrctl start (oracle用户下)

17.安装完成，测试是否安装成功

 连接数据库（oracle用户下）
  sqlplus / as sysdba
    
 启动oracle：
  sql>startup