1.题目:
Problem Description
定义一个复数类,该类包含两个double型的数据成员代表复数的实部和虚部,包含构造函数(默认值为0,0),和显示函数,现重载运算符+和-,使其能对复数类对象进行加和减运算。在主函数中进行测试
Input
输入数据有多行,每行包括4个数,前两个代表参与运算的第一个复数对象的实部和虚部,后两个代表第二个复数对象的实部和虚部。
Output
输出多行,每行包括了加和减运算后的结果。
复数按a+bi或a-bi格式显示,按数学课本中的要求显示。
复数按a+bi或a-bi格式显示,按数学课本中的要求显示。
Sample Input
100 20 -10 18
2 2 2 4
Sample Output
90+38i 110+2i
4+6i -2i
2.想法:
这道题目主要是要考虑输出时的集中特殊情况,有实部和虚部都为0,还有虚部为1,-1,整数,负数的情况。静下心来其实不难的。
3.参考代码一:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
private:
double real, image;
public:
Complex(double r = 0, double i = 0);
Complex operator+(Complex&);
Complex operator-(Complex&);
void show();
};
Complex::Complex(double r, double i)
{
real = r;
image = i;
}
Complex Complex::operator+(Complex& c)
{
Complex x;
x.real = real + c.real;
x.image = image + c.image;
return x;
}
Complex Complex::operator-(Complex& c)
{
Complex x;
x.real = real - c.real;
x.image = image - c.image;
return x;
}
void Complex::show()
{
if (real == 0) {
if (image == 0)
cout << 0;
else if (image == 1)
cout << "i";
else if (image == -1)
cout << "-i";
else if (image > 0)
cout << image << "i";
else if (image < 0)
cout << image << "i";
} else {
if (image == 0)
cout << real;
else if (image == 1)
cout << real << "+i";
else if (image == -1)
cout << real << "-i";
else if (image > 0)
cout << real << "+" << image << "i";
else if (image < 0)
cout << real << image << "i";
}
}
int main()
{
double a, b, c, d;
while (cin >> a >> b >> c >> d) {
Complex x(a, b), y(c, d), z, w;
z = x + y;
z.show();
cout << " ";
w = x - y;
w.show();
cout << endl;
}
return 0;
}
参考代码二:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
private:
double real, image;
public:
Complex(double r = 0, double i = 0);
Complex& operator+(Complex&);
Complex& operator-(Complex&);
void show();
};
Complex::Complex(double r, double i)
{
real = r;
image = i;
}
Complex& Complex::operator+(Complex& c)
{
Complex x;
x.real = real + c.real;
x.image = image + c.image;
return x;
}
Complex& Complex::operator-(Complex& c)
{
Complex x;
x.real = real - c.real;
x.image = image - c.image;
return x;
}
void Complex::show()
{
if (image == 0) {
if (real == 0)
cout << "0";
else
cout << real;
} else if (image == 1) {
if (real == 0)
cout << "i";
else
cout << real << "+i";
} else if (image == -1) {
if (real == 0)
cout << "-i";
else
cout << real << "-i";
} else {
if (real == 0)
cout << image << "i";
else {
if (image > 0)
cout << real << "+" << image << "i";
else
cout << real << image << "i";
}
}
}
int main()
{
double a, b, c, d;
while (cin >> a >> b >> c >> d) {
Complex x(a, b), y(c, d), z, w;
z = x + y;
z.show();
cout << " ";
w = x - y;
w.show();
cout << endl;
}
return 0;
}