随机Kruskal算法
随机Kruskal算法介绍
这个算法是Kruskal算法的随机化版本。
- 1。创建所有墙壁的列表,并为每个单元格创建一个集合,每个集合只包含一个单元格。
- 2。对于每一面墙,以随机的顺序访问:
- 1。如果由这个墙壁分隔的单元格属于不同的集合:
- 1。移除当前的墙。
- 2。合并被这面墙分开的两个集合。
- 1。如果由这个墙壁分隔的单元格属于不同的集合:
生成的迷宫偏向于多支路的短的死胡同。
Python代码
#!/usr/bin/python3.7
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import random
import pygame
# Randomized Kruskal's algorithm
# This algorithm is a randomized version of Kruskal's algorithm.
# 1.Create a list of all walls, and create a set for each cell, each containing just that one cell.
# 2.For each wall, in some random order:
# 1.If the cells divided by this wall belong to distinct sets:
# 1.Remove the current wall.
# 2.Join the sets of the formerly divided cells.
# 随机的Kruskal算法
# 这个算法是Kruskal算法的随机化版本。
# 1。创建所有墙壁的列表,并为每个单元格创建一个集合,每个单元格只包含一个单元格。
# 2。对于每一面墙,以一些随机的顺序:
# 1。如果由这个壁分隔的细胞属于不同的集合:
# 1。移除当前的墙。
# 2。加入以前分裂的细胞组。
##############################################
# 格子访问标记x,y,0,x,y右墙x,y,1,下墙x,y,2。
##############################################
# 随机格子
def kruskal_maze(rows, cols):
# 墙 [0]表示格子访问标记,右[1]竖墙,下[2]横墙
# (最左和最上墙不能打通,r,c右和r,c+1左共用墙。下墙同理)
# 初始化未访问,墙未打通
grids=[[ [0,0,0] for i in range(cols)]for i in range(rows)]
# 设置起点
r=0
c=0
# 格子列表
gridlist=[]
gridlist.append((r,c))
# 单元格集合
collection =[]
# 墙壁的列表
walls=[]
for r in range(rows):
for c in range(cols):
collection.append([(r,c)])
for x in range(1,3):
# 最右和最下的墙不能打通
if r == rows - 1 and x == 2:
continue
if c == cols - 1 and x == 1:
continue
walls.append((r,c,x))
while walls:
# 随机选一个墙
r,c,x = random.choice(walls)
# a,b相邻的集合
if x == 1: # 竖墙
a = (r,c)
b = (r,c+1)
else : # 横墙
a = (r,c)
b = (r+1,c)
coll1 = []
coll2 = []
for coll in collection:
if a in coll:
coll1 = coll
if b in coll:
coll2 = coll
# 设置访问过
grids[a[0]][a[1]][0] = 1
grids[b[0]][b[1]][0] = 1
#
if coll1 == coll2:
walls.remove((r,c,x))
else:
# 打通墙
grids[r][c][x] = 1
#
coll = coll1+coll2
collection.remove(coll1)
collection.remove(coll2)
collection.append(coll)
walls.remove((r,c,x))
return grids
# main
if __name__ == "__main__":
'''main'''
kruskal_maze(20, 30)
演示代码:
#!/usr/bin/python3.7
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import random
import pygame
# Randomized Kruskal's algorithm
# This algorithm is a randomized version of Kruskal's algorithm.
# 1.Create a list of all walls, and create a set for each cell, each containing just that one cell.
# 2.For each wall, in some random order:
# 1.If the cells divided by this wall belong to distinct sets:
# 1.Remove the current wall.
# 2.Join the sets of the formerly divided cells.
# 随机的Kruskal算法
# 这个算法是Kruskal算法的随机化版本。
# 1。创建所有墙壁的列表,并为每个单元格创建一个集合,每个单元格只包含一个单元格。
# 2。对于每一面墙,以一些随机的顺序:
# 1。如果由这个壁分隔的细胞属于不同的集合:
# 1。移除当前的墙。
# 2。加入以前分裂的细胞组。
# pygame
pygame.init() # 初始化pygame
size = width, height = 800, 600 # 设置窗口大小
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size) # 显示窗口
# 颜色
diamond_color_size = 8
COLOR_RED, COLOR_BLUE, COLOR_GREEN, COLOR_YELLOW, COLOR_BLACK, COLOR_GREY, COLOR_GOLDEN, COLOR_NO_DIAMOND = list(range(
diamond_color_size))
COLOR = {
COLOR_RED: (255, 0, 0),
COLOR_BLUE: (0, 0, 255),
COLOR_GREEN: (0, 255, 0),
COLOR_YELLOW: (255, 255, 0),
COLOR_BLACK: (0, 0, 0),
COLOR_GREY: (250, 240, 230),
COLOR_GOLDEN : (255,215,0),
COLOR_NO_DIAMOND: (100, 100, 100),
}
# 格子大小
DIAMOND_SIZE = (20, 20)
# 蓝格子
DIAMOND=pygame.surface.Surface(DIAMOND_SIZE).convert()
DIAMOND.fill(COLOR[COLOR_BLUE])
# 绿格子
DIAMOND_GREEN=pygame.surface.Surface(DIAMOND_SIZE).convert()
DIAMOND_GREEN.fill(COLOR[COLOR_GREEN])
# 红格子
DIAMOND_RED=pygame.surface.Surface(DIAMOND_SIZE).convert()
DIAMOND_RED.fill(COLOR[COLOR_RED])
# 黄格子
DIAMOND_YELLOW=pygame.surface.Surface(DIAMOND_SIZE).convert()
DIAMOND_YELLOW.fill(COLOR[COLOR_YELLOW])
# 灰的格子
DIAMOND_GREY=pygame.surface.Surface(DIAMOND_SIZE).convert()
DIAMOND_GREY.fill(COLOR[COLOR_GREY])
#
def draw_wall(lw, surface, rgb_color):
rect = (lw, lw, DIAMOND_SIZE[0] -2*lw, DIAMOND_SIZE[1] -2*lw)
# 左
pygame.draw.line(surface, rgb_color, (rect[0], rect[1]), (rect[0], rect[3]), lw)
# 上
pygame.draw.line(surface, rgb_color, (rect[0], rect[1]), (rect[2], rect[1]), lw)
# 下
pygame.draw.line(surface, rgb_color, (rect[0], rect[3]), (rect[2], rect[3]), lw)
# 右
pygame.draw.line(surface, rgb_color, (rect[2], rect[1]), (rect[2], rect[3]), lw)
return
# 字体
use_font = pygame.font.Font("FONT.TTF", 16)
# 行列
num_cols=30 #
num_rows=20 #
# 背景
background=pygame.surface.Surface(((num_cols ) * DIAMOND_SIZE[0] + 2 , (num_rows ) * DIAMOND_SIZE[1] + 2)).convert()
background.fill(COLOR[COLOR_BLUE])
# 时间
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
##############################################
# 格子访问标记x,y,0,右墙x,y,1,下墙x,y,2
##############################################
# 随机格子
def kruskal_maze_demo(rows, cols):
# 墙 [0]表示格子访问标记,右[1]竖墙,下[2]横墙
# (最左和最上墙不能打通,r,c右和r,c+1左共用墙。下墙同理)
# 初始化未访问,墙未打通
grids=[[ [0,0,0] for i in range(cols)]for i in range(rows)]
# 设置起点
r=0
c=0
# 格子列表
gridlist=[]
gridlist.append((r,c))
# 单元格集合
collection =[]
# 墙壁的列表
walls=[]
for r in range(rows):
for c in range(cols):
collection.append([(r,c)])
for x in range(1,3):
# 最右和下的墙不能打通
if r == rows - 1 and x == 2:
continue
if c == cols - 1 and x == 1:
continue
walls.append((r,c,x))
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
return
if walls:
# 随机选一个墙
r,c,x = random.choice(walls)
# 每个墙随机到一次
walls.remove((r,c,x))
# a,b相邻的集合
if x == 1: # 竖墙
a = (r,c)
b = (r,c+1)
else : # 横墙
a = (r,c)
b = (r+1,c)
coll1 = []
coll2 = []
for coll in collection:
if a in coll:
coll1 = coll
if b in coll:
coll2 = coll
# 设置访问过
grids[a[0]][a[1]][0] = 1
grids[b[0]][b[1]][0] = 1
#
if coll1 != coll2:
# 打通墙
grids[r][c][x] = 1
# 合并集合
coll = coll1+coll2
collection.remove(coll1)
collection.remove(coll2)
collection.append(coll)
screen.blit(background, (0, 0))
# 格子
for cx in range(num_cols):
for ry in range(num_rows):
px,py=1 + (cx) * DIAMOND_SIZE[0], 1 + (ry) * DIAMOND_SIZE[1]
# 标记访问过的格子
if grids[ry][cx][0]:
screen.blit(DIAMOND, (px, py))
else:
screen.blit(DIAMOND_GREY, (px, py))
# 画外墙
pygame.draw.rect(screen, COLOR[COLOR_RED], (0, 0, 20*num_cols+1, 20*num_rows+1), 2)
# 画没打通的墙
for cx in range( num_cols):
for ry in range(num_rows):
px,py=21 + (cx) * DIAMOND_SIZE[0], 21 + (ry) * DIAMOND_SIZE[1]
color = COLOR[COLOR_BLACK]
if not grids[ry][cx][1]:
pygame.draw.line(screen, color, (px, py-20), (px, py), 2)
if not grids[ry][cx][2]:
pygame.draw.line(screen, color, (px-20, py), (px, py), 2)
# 随机到的墙
if walls:
# 列表中的墙
for rw,cw,xw in walls:
px,py=21 + (cw) * DIAMOND_SIZE[0], 21 + (rw) * DIAMOND_SIZE[1]
color = COLOR[COLOR_GREEN]
if xw == 1:
pygame.draw.line(screen, color, (px, py-20), (px, py), 2)
else:
pygame.draw.line(screen, color, (px-20, py), (px, py), 2)
px,py=21 + (c) * DIAMOND_SIZE[0], 21 + (r) * DIAMOND_SIZE[1]
color = COLOR[COLOR_GOLDEN]
if x == 1:
pygame.draw.line(screen, color, (px, py-20), (px, py), 2)
else:
pygame.draw.line(screen, color, (px-20, py), (px, py), 2)
#
if not walls:
score_surface = use_font.render("生成完成!", True, COLOR[COLOR_BLACK], COLOR[COLOR_GREY])
screen.blit(score_surface, (50, num_rows*22))
time_passed = clock.tick(30)
pygame.display.update()
return
# main
if __name__ == "__main__":
'''main'''
kruskal_maze_demo(20, 30)
GIF动画:
参考:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maze_generation_algorithm#Randomized_depth-first_search
上一篇:迷宫生成算法(Randomized Prim‘s algorithm)
迷宫生成算法(Randomized Prim‘s algorithm)