【狂神javaweb(六)】过滤器(重点)-监听器-MVC初识

1,Filter过滤器(重点) 监听器

1过滤器(重点)

Filter: 过滤器, 用来过滤网站的数据

• 处理中文乱码
• 登录验证等…

创建filter步骤

步骤1,maven依赖包

•     <dependencies>
          <!--Servlet依赖-->
          <dependency>
              <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
              <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
              <version>2.5</version>
          </dependency>
          <!--jsp依赖-->
          <dependency>
              <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
              <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
              <version>2.2</version>
          </dependency>
          <!--jstl表达式依赖-->
          <dependency>
              <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
              <artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
              <version>1.2</version>
          </dependency>
          <!--standard标签库-->
          <dependency>
              <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
              <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
              <version>1.1.2</version>
          </dependency>
          <!--连接数据库-->
          <dependency>
              <groupId>mysql</groupId>
              <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
              <version>5.1.47</version>
          </dependency>
      </dependencies>
  

步骤2,实现filter接口 (注意是javax.servlet 包下面的) 重新方法

• implements Filter
  

package com.fff.filter;

import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {
    //初始化: 服务器启动的时候初始化 
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("cef初始化了");
    }
    //Chain : 链
    //过滤器中的所有代码, 过滤特定请求的时候都会执行
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        servletRequest.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        servletResponse.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        System.out.println("cef执行前");
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);//让我们的请求继续走, 如果不写, 程序到这里就被拦截停止
        System.out.println("cef执行后");
    }
    //销毁: web服务器关闭的时候, 过滤器会销毁
    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("cef销毁了");
    }
}

步骤3,配置过滤器(web.xml)

<filter>
    <filter-name>charcter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>com.fff.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>charcter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/servlet/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

2,监听器

实现一个监听器接口

• 1编写一个监听器: 实现监听器的接口
• 2web.xml中注册监听器

public class OnlineCountListener implements HttpSessionListener {
    //创建session监听
    //一旦创建session就会触发一次这个事件
    @Override
    public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent se) {
        ServletContext context = se.getSession().getServletContext();
        System.out.println(se.getSession().getId());
        Integer onlineCount = (Integer) context.getAttribute("OnlineCount");
        if (onlineCount==null){
            onlineCount = new Integer(1);
        }else{
            onlineCount+=1;
        }
        context.setAttribute("OnlineCount",onlineCount);
    }
    //销毁session监听
    @Override
    public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent httpSessionEvent) {
    }
}

    <!--注册监听器-->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>com.fff.listener.OnlineCountListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

3.过滤器, 监听器常见应用

需求: 用户登录后才能进入主页, 用户注销后不能进入主页

1.用户登录之后, 向session中放入用户数据

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String password = req.getParameter("password");
        if ("zs".equals(username)&&"123".equals(password)){
            //登录成功, session中存入ID
            req.getSession().setAttribute(Constant.USER_SESSION,req.getSession().getId());
            //跳转到success页面
            resp.sendRedirect(req.getContextPath()+"/sys/success.jsp");
        }else {
            //失败直接导error页面
            resp.sendRedirect(req.getContextPath()+"/error.jsp");
        }
    }

2.进入主页时要判断用户是否已经登录(过滤器)

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        //强转req ,resp 便于获取session
        HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
        HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
        Object session = request.getSession().getAttribute(Constant.USER_SESSION);
        if (session==null){
            //如果不存在session说明没有登录, 直接跳转error页面 
            response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/error.jsp");
        }
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
    }

3,配置web.xml

    <filter>
        <filter-name>sys</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.fff.filter.LoginFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>sys</filter-name>
        <!--过滤/sys/目录下的所有页面-->
        <url-pattern>/sys/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

2.MVC三层架构

MVC : Model, view, Controller

• Model
  • 业务处理: 业务逻辑(service)
  • 数据持久层: CRUD (Dao)
• View
  • 展示数据
  • 提供链接, 发齐Servlet请求
• Controller
  • 接收用户的请求:
  • 交给业务层处理对应的代码
  • 控制视图的跳转