090807c语言学习日记（printf和scanf的主要注意点）

今天学习了《c primer plus》第四章，下面为练习代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>//包含了字符串的函数原型，包括strlen()
#define WORD "It is foolish name!"//预处理，定义常量，多用大写
#define WORD_K 12345678
int main()
{
 int size ,letters;
 char name[30];//定义一个char，为30字节的数组
 printf("What's your name?/n");
 scanf("%s",name);
 size = sizeof name;
 letters = strlen(name);
 printf("%s,%s,%d %d %d %d/n",name,WORD,size,letters,sizeof(WORD),strlen(WORD));
 printf("*%2d*/n",WORD_K);//printf的标志
    printf("*%10d*/n",WORD_K);
 printf("*%+10d*/n",WORD_K);
 printf("*%-30s*/n",WORD);
 return 0;

}

下面主要练习的printf的说明符修饰符的用法

#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
 const double RENT=3855.999;//const定义常量的方法
 const double RENT_2=99;
 printf("*%f*/n",RENT);
 printf("*%e*/n",RENT);
 printf("*%4.2f*/n",RENT);
 printf("*%3.1f*/n",RENT);
 printf("*%10.3f*/n",RENT);
 printf("*%10.2e*/n",RENT);
    printf("*%010.2f*/n",RENT);
 printf("*%010f*/n",RENT);
 printf("*%#f*/n",RENT);
 printf("*%#x*/n",99);
 printf("*%#o*/n",22);
 return 0;
}

运行结果：
*3855.999000*
*3.855999e+003*
*3856.00*
*3856.0*
*  3855.999*
* 3.86e+003*
*0003856.00*
*3855.999000*
*3855.999000*
*0x63*
*026*

printf返回值写法：

#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
 int temperature=100;
 int rv;
 rv=printf("%d c is water's boiling point./n",temperature);
 printf("The printf()function printed %d characters./n",rv);
 return 0;
}

运行结果：

100 c is water's boiling point.
The printf()function printed 32 characters.

下面练习是利用程序来指定字段宽度

#include<stdio.h>//利用程序来指定字段宽度
int main (void)
{
 unsigned width,precision;
 double weight=242.5;
 int number=256;

 printf("What field width?/n");
 scanf("%d",&width);
 printf("The number is: %*d:/n",width,number);
 printf("Now enter a width and a precision:/n");
 scanf("%d %d",&width,&precision);
    printf("Weight =%*.*f/n",width ,precision,weight);
 return 0;
}