原文链接:http://blog.csdn.net/guolin_blog/article/details/9153761
首先我们来探讨一下,什么是ViewGroup?它和普通的View有什么区别?
顾名思义,ViewGroup就是一组View的集合,它包含很多的子View和子VewGroup,是Android中所有布局的父类或间接父类,像LinearLayout、RelativeLayout等都是继承自ViewGroup的。但ViewGroup实际上也是一个View,只不过比起View,它多了可以包含子View和定义布局参数的功能。ViewGroup继承结构示意图如下所示:
可以看到,我们平时项目里经常用到的各种布局,全都属于ViewGroup的子类。
简单介绍完了ViewGroup,我们现在通过一个Demo来演示一下Android中VewGroup的事件分发流程吧。
首先我们来自定义一个布局,命名为MyLayout,继承自LinearLayout,如下所示:
- public class MyLayout extends LinearLayout {
- public MyLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
- super(context, attrs);
- }
- }
然后,打开主布局文件activity_main.xml,在其中加入我们自定义的布局:
- <com.example.viewgrouptouchevent.MyLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
- android:id="@+id/my_layout"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- android:orientation="vertical" >
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/button1"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="Button1" />
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/button2"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="Button2" />
- </com.example.viewgrouptouchevent.MyLayout>
- myLayout.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener() {
- @Override
- public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
- Log.d("TAG", "myLayout on touch");
- return false;
- }
- });
- button1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onClick(View v) {
- Log.d("TAG", "You clicked button1");
- }
- });
- button2.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onClick(View v) {
- Log.d("TAG", "You clicked button2");
- }
- });
分别点击一下Button1、Button2和空白区域,打印结果如下所示:
你会发现,当点击按钮的时候,MyLayout注册的onTouch方法并不会执行,只有点击空白区域的时候才会执行该方法。你可以先理解成Button的onClick方法将事件消费掉了,因此事件不会再继续向下传递。
那就说明Android中的touch事件是先传递到View,再传递到ViewGroup的?现在下结论还未免过早了,让我们再来做一个实验。
查阅文档可以看到,ViewGroup中有一个onInterceptTouchEvent方法,我们来看一下这个方法的源码:
- /**
- * Implement this method to intercept all touch screen motion events. This
- * allows you to watch events as they are dispatched to your children, and
- * take ownership of the current gesture at any point.
- *
- * <p>Using this function takes some care, as it has a fairly complicated
- * interaction with {@link View#onTouchEvent(MotionEvent)
- * View.onTouchEvent(MotionEvent)}, and using it requires implementing
- * that method as well as this one in the correct way. Events will be
- * received in the following order:
- *
- * <ol>
- * <li> You will receive the down event here.
- * <li> The down event will be handled either by a child of this view
- * group, or given to your own onTouchEvent() method to handle; this means
- * you should implement onTouchEvent() to return true, so you will
- * continue to see the rest of the gesture (instead of looking for
- * a parent view to handle it). Also, by returning true from
- * onTouchEvent(), you will not receive any following
- * events in onInterceptTouchEvent() and all touch processing must
- * happen in onTouchEvent() like normal.
- * <li> For as long as you return false from this function, each following
- * event (up to and including the final up) will be delivered first here
- * and then to the target's onTouchEvent().
- * <li> If you return true from here, you will not receive any
- * following events: the target view will receive the same event but
- * with the action {@link MotionEvent#ACTION_CANCEL}, and all further
- * events will be delivered to your onTouchEvent() method and no longer
- * appear here.
- * </ol>
- *
- * @param ev The motion event being dispatched down the hierarchy.
- * @return Return true to steal motion events from the children and have
- * them dispatched to this ViewGroup through onTouchEvent().
- * The current target will receive an ACTION_CANCEL event, and no further
- * messages will be delivered here.
- */
- public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
- return false;
- }
好吧,既然是布尔型的返回,那么只有两种可能,我们在MyLayout中重写这个方法,然后返回一个true试试,代码如下所示:
- public class MyLayout extends LinearLayout {
- public MyLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
- super(context, attrs);
- }
- @Override
- public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
- return true;
- }
- }
你会发现,不管你点击哪里,永远都只会触发MyLayout的touch事件了,按钮的点击事件完全被屏蔽掉了!这是为什么呢?如果Android中的touch事件是先传递到View,再传递到ViewGroup的,那么MyLayout又怎么可能屏蔽掉Button的点击事件呢?
看来只有通过阅读源码,搞清楚Android中ViewGroup的事件分发机制,才能解决我们心中的疑惑了,不过这里我想先跟你透露一句,Android中touch事件的传递,绝对是先传递到ViewGroup,再传递到View的。记得在Android事件分发机制完全解析,带你从源码的角度彻底理解(上) 中我有说明过,只要你触摸了任何控件,就一定会调用该控件的dispatchTouchEvent方法。这个说法没错,只不过还不完整而已。实际情况是,当你点击了某个控件,首先会去调用该控件所在布局的dispatchTouchEvent方法,然后在布局的dispatchTouchEvent方法中找到被点击的相应控件,再去调用该控件的dispatchTouchEvent方法。如果我们点击了MyLayout中的按钮,会先去调用MyLayout的dispatchTouchEvent方法,可是你会发现MyLayout中并没有这个方法。那就再到它的父类LinearLayout中找一找,发现也没有这个方法。那只好继续再找LinearLayout的父类ViewGroup,你终于在ViewGroup中看到了这个方法,按钮的dispatchTouchEvent方法就是在这里调用的。修改后的示意图如下所示:
那还等什么?快去看一看ViewGroup中的dispatchTouchEvent方法的源码吧!代码如下所示:
- public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
- final int action = ev.getAction();
- final float xf = ev.getX();
- final float yf = ev.getY();
- final float scrolledXFloat = xf + mScrollX;
- final float scrolledYFloat = yf + mScrollY;
- final Rect frame = mTempRect;
- boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
- if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
- if (mMotionTarget != null) {
- mMotionTarget = null;
- }
- if (disallowIntercept || !onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)) {
- ev.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN);
- final int scrolledXInt = (int) scrolledXFloat;
- final int scrolledYInt = (int) scrolledYFloat;
- final View[] children = mChildren;
- final int count = mChildrenCount;
- for (int i = count - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
- final View child = children[i];
- if ((child.mViewFlags & VISIBILITY_MASK) == VISIBLE
- || child.getAnimation() != null) {
- child.getHitRect(frame);
- if (frame.contains(scrolledXInt, scrolledYInt)) {
- final float xc = scrolledXFloat - child.mLeft;
- final float yc = scrolledYFloat - child.mTop;
- ev.setLocation(xc, yc);
- child.mPrivateFlags &= ~CANCEL_NEXT_UP_EVENT;
- if (child.dispatchTouchEvent(ev)) {
- mMotionTarget = child;
- return true;
- }
- }
- }
- }
- }
- }
- boolean isUpOrCancel = (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) ||
- (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
- if (isUpOrCancel) {
- mGroupFlags &= ~FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT;
- }
- final View target = mMotionTarget;
- if (target == null) {
- ev.setLocation(xf, yf);
- if ((mPrivateFlags & CANCEL_NEXT_UP_EVENT) != 0) {
- ev.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
- mPrivateFlags &= ~CANCEL_NEXT_UP_EVENT;
- }
- return super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
- }
- if (!disallowIntercept && onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)) {
- final float xc = scrolledXFloat - (float) target.mLeft;
- final float yc = scrolledYFloat - (float) target.mTop;
- mPrivateFlags &= ~CANCEL_NEXT_UP_EVENT;
- ev.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
- ev.setLocation(xc, yc);
- if (!target.dispatchTouchEvent(ev)) {
- }
- mMotionTarget = null;
- return true;
- }
- if (isUpOrCancel) {
- mMotionTarget = null;
- }
- final float xc = scrolledXFloat - (float) target.mLeft;
- final float yc = scrolledYFloat - (float) target.mTop;
- ev.setLocation(xc, yc);
- if ((target.mPrivateFlags & CANCEL_NEXT_UP_EVENT) != 0) {
- ev.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
- target.mPrivateFlags &= ~CANCEL_NEXT_UP_EVENT;
- mMotionTarget = null;
- }
- return target.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
- }
这个时候你就可以思考一下了,由于我们刚刚在MyLayout中重写了onInterceptTouchEvent方法,让这个方法返回true,导致所有按钮的点击事件都被屏蔽了,那我们就完全有理由相信,按钮点击事件的处理就是在第13行条件判断的内部进行的!
那我们重点来看下条件判断的内部是怎么实现的。在第19行通过一个for循环,遍历了当前ViewGroup下的所有子View,然后在第24行判断当前遍历的View是不是正在点击的View,如果是的话就会进入到该条件判断的内部,然后在第29行调用了该View的dispatchTouchEvent,之后的流程就和 Android事件分发机制完全解析,带你从源码的角度彻底理解(上) 中讲解的是一样的了。我们也因此证实了,按钮点击事件的处理确实就是在这里进行的。
然后需要注意一下,调用子View的dispatchTouchEvent后是有返回值的。我们已经知道,如果一个控件是可点击的,那么点击该控件时,dispatchTouchEvent的返回值必定是true。因此会导致第29行的条件判断成立,于是在第31行给ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent方法直接返回了true。这样就导致后面的代码无法执行到了,也是印证了我们前面的Demo打印的结果,如果按钮的点击事件得到执行,就会把MyLayout的touch事件拦截掉。
那如果我们点击的不是按钮,而是空白区域呢?这种情况就一定不会在第31行返回true了,而是会继续执行后面的代码。那我们继续往后看,在第44行,如果target等于null,就会进入到该条件判断内部,这里一般情况下target都会是null,因此会在第50行调用super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev)。这句代码会调用到哪里呢?当然是View中的dispatchTouchEvent方法了,因为ViewGroup的父类就是View。之后的处理逻辑又和前面所说的是一样的了,也因此MyLayout中注册的onTouch方法会得到执行。之后的代码在一般情况下是走不到的了,我们也就不再继续往下分析。
再看一下整个ViewGroup事件分发过程的流程图吧,相信可以帮助大家更好地去理解:
现在整个ViewGroup的事件分发流程的分析也就到此结束了,我们最后再来简单梳理一下吧。
1. Android事件分发是先传递到ViewGroup,再由ViewGroup传递到View的。
2. 在ViewGroup中可以通过onInterceptTouchEvent方法对事件传递进行拦截,onInterceptTouchEvent方法返回true代表不允许事件继续向子View传递,返回false代表不对事件进行拦截,默认返回false。
3. 子View中如果将传递的事件消费掉,ViewGroup中将无法接收到任何事件。