springMVC学习（1）

一、springMVC的数据响应

1.SpringMVC的数据响应方式

页面跳转：直接返回字符串、通过ModelAndView对象返回

回写数据：直接返回字符串、返回对象或集合

2.页面跳转

①、返回字符串形式

@RequestMapping(value="/quick",method = RequestMethod.GET,params = {"username"})
public String save(){
    System.out.println("Controller save running....");
    return "success";
}

<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <!--  /jsp/success.jsp  -->
    <property name="prefix" value="/jsp/"></property>
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>

②. 返回ModelAndView对象

@RequestMapping(value="/quick3")
public ModelAndView save3(ModelAndView modelAndView){
    modelAndView.addObject("username","itheima");
    modelAndView.setViewName("success");
    return modelAndView;
}


@RequestMapping(value="/quick2")
public ModelAndView save2(){
    /*
        Model:模型 作用封装数据
        View：视图 作用展示数据
     */
    ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
    //设置模型数据
    modelAndView.addObject("username","itcast");
    //设置视图名称
    modelAndView.setViewName("success");

    return modelAndView;
}

③.向request域存储数据

@RequestMapping(value="/quick5")
public String save5(HttpServletRequest request){
    request.setAttribute("username","zhangsan");
    return "success";
}

@RequestMapping(value="/quick4")
public String save4(Model model){
    model.addAttribute("username","lisi");
    return "success";
}

3.回写数据

①.直接返回字符串

@RequestMapping(value="/quick6")
public void save6(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
    response.getWriter().print("hello itcast");
}

        通过@ResponseBody注解告知SpringMVC框架，方法 返回的字符串不是跳转是直接在http响应体中返回。

@RequestMapping(value="/quick7")
@ResponseBody  //告知SpringMVC框架 不进行视图跳转 直接进行数据响应
public String save7() throws IOException {
    return "hello itheima";
}

        手动拼接json字符串返回。

@RequestMapping(value="/quick8")
@ResponseBody
public String save8() throws IOException {
    return "{\"username\":\"zhangsan\",\"age\":18}";
}

        通过jackson转换json格式字符串，回写字符串。

@RequestMapping(value="/quick9")
@ResponseBody
public String save9() throws IOException {
    User user = new User();
    user.setUsername("lisi");
    user.setAge(30);
    //使用json的转换工具将对象转换成json格式字符串在返回
    ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
    String json = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(user);

    return json;
}

②.返回对象或集合

        通过SpringMVC帮助对对象或集合进行json字符串的转换并回写，为处理器适配器配置消息转换参数，指定使用jackson进行对象或集合的转换，因此需要在spring-mvc.xml中进行如下配置

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
    <property name="messageConverters">
        <list>
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"/>
        </list>
    </property>
</bean>

@RequestMapping(value="/quick10")
@ResponseBody
//期望SpringMVC自动将User转换成json格式的字符串
public User save10() throws IOException {
    User user = new User();
    user.setUsername("lisi2");
    user.setAge(32);

    return user;
}

二、springMVC获得请求数据

1.获得请求参数

客户端请求参数的格式是：name=value&name=value.......

SpringMVC可以接收如下类型的参数：

基本类型参数、POJO类型参数、数组类型参数、集合类型参数

2.获得基本类型参数

@RequestMapping(value="/quick11")
@ResponseBody
public void save11(String username,int age) throws IOException {
    System.out.println(username);
    System.out.println(age);
}

3.获得POJO类型参数

public class User {
    private String username;
    private int age;
    getter/setter…
}


@RequestMapping(value="/quick12")
@ResponseBody
public void save12(User user) throws IOException {
    System.out.println(user);
}

4.获得数组类型参数

@RequestMapping(value="/quick13")
@ResponseBody
public void save13(String[] strs) throws IOException {
    System.out.println(Arrays.asList(strs));
}

5.获得集合类型参数

public class VO {

    private List<User> userList;

    public List<User> getUserList() {
        return userList;
    }

    public void setUserList(List<User> userList) {
        this.userList = userList;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "VO{" +
                "userList=" + userList +
                '}';
    }
}

@RequestMapping(value="/quick15")
@ResponseBody
public void save15(@RequestBody List<User> userList) throws IOException {
    System.out.println(userList);
}

@RequestMapping(value="/quick14")
@ResponseBody
public void save14(VO vo) throws IOException {
    System.out.println(vo);
}

<script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script>
    var userList = new Array();
    userList.push({username:"zhangsan",age:18});
    userList.push({username:"lisi",age:28});

    $.ajax({
        type:"POST",
        url:"${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/quick15",
        data:JSON.stringify(userList),
        contentType:"application/json;charset=utf-8"
    });

</script>