在C++中const修饰常量, C中const修饰只读变量。因此,C++编译器不会为const常量分配空间,而 C编译器会。这一点可以通过以下程序证明:
//const.h
const int a = 3;
//const1.c
#include "const.h"
int main()
{
return 0;
}
//const2.c
#include "const.h"
gcc编译:gcc -o const const1.c const2.c链接时出错:
/tmp/ccPTke6f.o:(.rodata+0x0): multiple definition of `a'
/tmp/ccPlxv0O.o:(.rodata+0x0): first defined here
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
g++编译:g++ -o const const1.c const2.c成功
在C++中,const常量并非一直只会做替换,不分配空间,加上关键字extern时,则编译器就要为const分配存储空间,如上述const.h改为:
//const.h
extern const int a = 3;时
g++编译:g++ -o const const1.c const2.c同样会出错
/tmp/ccxvl0vM.o:(.rodata+0x0): multiple definition of `a'
/tmp/cc5cvalk.o:(.rodata+0x0): first defined here
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status