生成图片验证码也适用于SpringBoot、SpringMVC、Servlet

用JAVA生成图片验证码：

package cn.itsub.demo.utils;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

/**
 * 验证码生成
 * @author Master.Xia
 * @version 1.0 Create:2017年2月8日15:29:32
 */
public class VerifyCode {
    // 图片的宽度。
    private int width = 160;
    // 图片的高度。
    private int height = 40;
    // 验证码字符个数
    private int codeCount = 4;
    // 验证码干扰线数
    private int lineCount = 20;
    // 验证码
    private String code = null;
    // 验证码图片Buffer
    private BufferedImage bufferedImage = null;
    Random random = new Random();

    public VerifyCode() {
        creatImage();
    }

    public VerifyCode(int width, int height) {
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
        creatImage();
    }

    public VerifyCode(int width, int height, int codeCount) {
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
        this.codeCount = codeCount;
        creatImage();
    }

    public VerifyCode(int width, int height, int codeCount, int lineCount) {
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
        this.codeCount = codeCount;
        this.lineCount = lineCount;
        creatImage();
    }

    // 生成图片
    private void creatImage() {
        int fontWidth = width / codeCount;// 字体的宽度
        int fontHeight = height - 5;// 字体的高度
        int codeY = height - 8;

        // 图像buffer
        bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        Graphics g = bufferedImage.getGraphics();

        // 设置背景色
        g.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250));
        g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);

        // 设置字体
        g.setFont(getFont(fontHeight));

        // 设置干扰线
        for (int i = 0; i < lineCount; i++) {
            int xs = random.nextInt(width);
            int ys = random.nextInt(height);
            int xe = xs + random.nextInt(width);
            int ye = ys + random.nextInt(height);
            g.setColor(getRandColor(1, 255));
            g.drawLine(xs, ys, xe, ye);
        }

        // 添加噪点
        float yawpRate = 0.01f;// 噪声率
        int area = (int) (yawpRate * width * height);
        for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) {
            int x = random.nextInt(width);
            int y = random.nextInt(height);

            bufferedImage.setRGB(x, y, random.nextInt(255));
        }

        String str1 = randomStr(codeCount);// 得到随机字符
        this.code = str1;
        for (int i = 0; i < codeCount; i++) {
            String strRand = str1.substring(i, i + 1);
            g.setColor(getRandColor(1, 255));
            g.drawString(strRand, i * fontWidth + 3, codeY);
        }

    }

    // 得到随机字符
    private String randomStr(int n) {
        String str1 = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnpqrstuvwxyz123456789";
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        int len = str1.length() - 1;
        double r;
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            r = (Math.random()) * len;
            sb.append(str1.charAt((int) r));
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    // 得到随机颜色
    private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {// 给定范围获得随机颜色
        if (fc > 255)
            fc = 255;
        if (bc > 255)
            bc = 255;
        int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
        int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
        int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
        return new Color(r, g, b);
    }

    /**
     * 产生随机字体
     */
    private Font getFont(int size) {
        Random random = new Random();
        Font font[] = new Font[5];
        font[0] = new Font("Ravie", Font.PLAIN, size);
        font[1] = new Font("Antique Olive Compact", Font.PLAIN, size);
        font[2] = new Font("Fixedsys", Font.PLAIN, size);
        font[3] = new Font("Wide Latin", Font.PLAIN, size);
        font[4] = new Font("Gill Sans Ultra Bold", Font.PLAIN, size);
        return font[random.nextInt(5)];
    }

    // 扭曲方法
    private void shear(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
        shearX(g, w1, h1, color);
        shearY(g, w1, h1, color);
    }

    private void shearX(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {

        int period = random.nextInt(2);

        boolean borderGap = true;
        int frames = 1;
        int phase = random.nextInt(2);

        for (int i = 0; i < h1; i++) {
            double d = (double) (period >> 1)
                    * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
                    + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase) / (double) frames);
            g.copyArea(0, i, w1, 1, (int) d, 0);
            if (borderGap) {
                g.setColor(color);
                g.drawLine((int) d, i, 0, i);
                g.drawLine((int) d + w1, i, w1, i);
            }
        }

    }

    private void shearY(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {

        int period = random.nextInt(40) + 10; // 50;

        boolean borderGap = true;
        int frames = 20;
        int phase = 7;
        for (int i = 0; i < w1; i++) {
            double d = (double) (period >> 1)
                    * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
                    + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase) / (double) frames);
            g.copyArea(i, 0, 1, h1, 0, (int) d);
            if (borderGap) {
                g.setColor(color);
                g.drawLine(i, (int) d, i, 0);
                g.drawLine(i, (int) d + h1, i, h1);
            }

        }

    }

    public void write(OutputStream sos) throws IOException {
        ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, "jpeg", sos);
        sos.close();
    }

    public byte[] getImageBytes() throws IOException {
        ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        try {
            ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, "jpeg", out);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw e;
        }
        return out.toByteArray();
    }

    public BufferedImage getBufferedImage() {
        return bufferedImage;
    }

    public String getCode() {
        return code.toLowerCase();
    }

    // 使用方法
    public void demo(
            javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest req,
            javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response,
            javax.servlet.http.HttpSession session
    ) throws IOException {

        // 设置响应的类型格式为图片格式
        response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
        // 禁止图像缓存。
        response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
        response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
        response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);

        VerifyCode vCode = new VerifyCode(100, 36, 5, 10);
        session.setAttribute("code", vCode.getCode());
        vCode.write(response.getOutputStream());
    }

}

 

SpringMVC用法：

@ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/verifycode")
    public Object verifycode(HttpSession session) throws IOException {
        var vc = new VerifyCode(100,38,4);
        session.setAttribute("verifycode",vc.getCode());
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.add("Cache-Control", "no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate");
        headers.add("Pragma", "no-cache");
        headers.add("Expires", "0");

        return ResponseEntity.ok().headers(headers)
                .contentType(MediaType.parseMediaType("image/jpeg"))
                .body(vc.getImageBytes());
    }

通过 /verifycode 就会得到图片流

 

也可以通过Servlet处理：

// 设置响应的类型格式为图片格式
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
// 禁止图像缓存。
response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);

VerifyCode vCode = new VerifyCode(100, 36, 5, 10);
session.setAttribute("code", vCode.getCode());
vCode.write(response.getOutputStream());