MapReduce的使用

MapReduce 这是一种程序开发模式，可以使用大量的服务器并行处理

Map 将待处理的数据分割成很多的小份数据，由每一台服务器分别运行

Reduce 进行数据的合并，最后汇总

配置java的运行环境

export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}
export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=${JAVA_HOME}/lib/tools.jar

创建测试目录

复制java的测试代码：

(这是Hadoop自带的代码)

package org.apache.hadoop.examples;
 
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
 
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.GenericOptionsParser;
 
public class WordCount {
 
  public static class TokenizerMapper 
       extends Mapper<Object, Text, Text, IntWritable>{
    
    private final static IntWritable one = new IntWritable(1);
    private Text word = new Text();
      
    public void map(Object key, Text value, Context context
                    ) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
      StringTokenizer itr = new StringTokenizer(value.toString());
      while (itr.hasMoreTokens()) {
        word.set(itr.nextToken());
        context.write(word, one);
      }
    }
  }
  
  public static class IntSumReducer 
       extends Reducer<Text,IntWritable,Text,IntWritable> {
    private IntWritable result = new IntWritable();
 
    public void reduce(Text key, Iterable<IntWritable> values, 
                       Context context
                       ) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
      int sum = 0;
      for (IntWritable val : values) {
        sum += val.get();
      }
      result.set(sum);
      context.write(key, result);
    }
  }
 
  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    Configuration conf = new Configuration();
    String[] otherArgs = new GenericOptionsParser(conf, args).getRemainingArgs();
    if (otherArgs.length != 2) {
      System.err.println("Usage: wordcount <in> <out>");
      System.exit(2);
    }
    Job job = new Job(conf, "word count");
    job.setJarByClass(WordCount.class);
    job.setMapperClass(TokenizerMapper.class);
    job.setCombinerClass(IntSumReducer.class);
    job.setReducerClass(IntSumReducer.class);
    job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
    job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);
    FileInputFormat.addInputPath(job, new Path(otherArgs[0]));
    FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(otherArgs[1]));
    System.exit(job.waitForCompletion(true) ? 0 : 1);
  }
}

 

编译wordcount.java的程序

 /usr/local/hadoop/bin/hadoop com.sun.tools.javac.Main WordCount.java 
jar cf wc.jar WordCount*.class

找出一份测试文件，从本地上传到HDFS：

usr/local/hadoop/bin/hadoop  fs -copyFromLocal LICENSE.txt /user/hadoop/wordcount/input
 

 /usr/local/hadoop/bin/hadoop jar wc.jar WordCount /user/hadoop/wordcount/input/LICENSE.txt /user/hadoop/wordcount/output
 

这是一条命令：Hadoop jar wc.jar [输入文件] [输出文件]

 

最终的输出结果可以使用可视化的web界面查看