Linq的学习（二）

Core的学习过程中的笔记留痕

参考自杨中科老师的《ASP.NET Core技术内幕与项目实战——基于DDD与前后端分离》
 

样例数据

var superMan = new Man() { Name = "超人", Age = 33, Address = "美国" };
var batMan = new Man() { Name = "蝙蝠侠", Age = 40, Address = "美国" };
var spiderMan = new Man() { Name = "蜘蛛侠", Age = 17, Address = "美国纽约" };
 
List<Man> manList = new List<Man>();
manList.Add(superMan);
manList.Add(batMan);
manList.Add(spiderMan);
 
static string ToWrite(Man man)
{
    return "姓名：" + man.Name + " 年龄：" + man.Age + " 地址：" + man.Address;
}

排序方法

OrderBy与OrderByDescending方法

var manAsc = manList.OrderBy(x => x.Age);
foreach (var man in manAsc)
{
    Console.WriteLine("OrderBy方法"+ToWrite(man));
}

var manDesc = manList.OrderByDescending(x => x.Age);
foreach (var man in manDesc)
{
    Console.WriteLine("OrderByDescending方法" + ToWrite(man));
}

限制结果集

Skip与Task方法

//跳过前两位
var manSkip = manList.Skip(2).First(); ;
Console.WriteLine("只获取第三位超级英雄：" + manSkip.Name);

//只获取第一位
var manTask = manList.Take(1).First(); ;
Console.WriteLine("只获取第一位超级英雄："+ manTask.Name);

聚合函数

Max、Min、Average、Sum、Count

var max_Age = manList.Max(x => x.Age);
var min_Age = manList.Min(x => x.Age);
var avg_Age = manList.Average(x => x.Age);
Console.WriteLine($"他们中最大的{max_Age}岁,最小的{min_Age}岁，平均年龄{avg_Age}");

GroupBy方法

var manGroup = manList.GroupBy(x => x.Address);
foreach (var group in manGroup)
{
    Console.WriteLine("GroupBy方法的Key:" + group.Key);
    Console.WriteLine($"{group.Key}有{group.Count()}位超级英雄,最大的{group.Max(x=>x.Age)}岁了" );
}

                var orderGroup = orderPlan.Where(x => x.UnrStk < 0)
                .GroupBy(x => x.Material)
                .Select(x => new ProductPlanGroup
                {
                    Material = x.Key,
                    PlanQty = 0,
                    PlanAccount = x.Min(y=>y.UnrStk),
                    FirstDate = x.Min(y => y.ReqstDate),
                    ScheduleNum = x.Max(y => y.ScheduledNum),
                    FinishNum = x.Max(y => y.FinQty)
                }).ToList();

Select方法

var manSelect = manList.Select(x=> x.Name);
Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", manSelect));
//使用双目运算符，改变集合结果
var manSelectIs = manList.Select(x => x.Age < 18 ? "少年" : "成年");
Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", manSelectIs));

注释：还可以建立新的类型，进行new后使用

综合使用的例子加ToArray与ToList方法

var ultraMan = new {Address = "光之国", CountMan = 6};

var manToList = manList.Where(x => x.Age < 35)
    .GroupBy(x => x.Address)
    .OrderBy(x => x.Key)
    .Take(2)
    .Select(x => new
    {
        Address = x.Key,
        CountMan = x.Count()
    }).ToList();

//这两个方法的区别
manToList.Add(ultraMan);

foreach (var item in manToList)
{
    Console.WriteLine("ToList方法：" + item);
}

var manToArray = manList.Where(x => x.Age < 35)
    .GroupBy(x => x.Address)
    .OrderBy(x => x.Key)
    .Take(2)
    .Select(x => new
    {
        Address = x.Key,
        CountMan = x.Count()
    }).ToArray();

foreach (var item in manToArray)
{
    Console.WriteLine("ToArray方法："+item);
}

注释：

ToArray与ToList方法的区别：
1、返回类型不同：

ToArray返回的数组（T[]）
ToList返回的列表（List<T>）

2、可变性：

数组的大小是固定的，不能动态调整
列表是可变的，可以动态调整大小

ToList()后可以添加（Add、Remove、Insert)等方法，改变数组大小