Mybatis延迟加载策略（九）

本文基于Mybatis多表查询之多对多（八）进行功能完善
项目结构图：

红框标记的是不需要改动的。

1.延迟加载

延迟加载:
就是在需要用到数据时才进行加载，不需要用到数据时就不加载数据。延迟加载也称懒加载.
好处:
先从单表查询，需要时再从关联表去关联查询，大大提高数据库性能，因为查询单表要比关联查询多张表速度要快。
坏处:
因为只有当需要用到数据时，才会进行数据库查询，这样在大批量数据查询时，因为查询工作也要消耗时间，所以可能造成用户等待时间变长，造成用户体验下降。

2.新建实体类

User.java

public class User implements Serializable {

    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private Date birthday;
    private String sex;
    private String address;

    //一对多关系映射，主表实体应该包含从表实体的集合引用
    List<Account> accounts;

    public List<Account> getAccounts() {
        return accounts;
    }

    public void setAccounts(List<Account> accounts) {
        this.accounts = accounts;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", birthyday=" + birthday +
                ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
                ", address='" + address + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

Account.java

public class Account implements Serializable {

    private Integer id;
    private Integer uid;
    private Double money;

    //从表实体应该包含一个主表实体的引用
    private User user;

    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public Integer getUid() {
        return uid;
    }

    public void setUid(Integer uid) {
        this.uid = uid;
    }

    public Double getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(Double money) {
        this.money = money;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", uid=" + uid +
                ", money=" + money +
                '}';
    }
}

3.新建mapper接口

UserMapper.java

/**
 * 用户的持久层接口
 */
public interface UserMapper {

    /**
     * 查询所有操作,用时获取用户下所有账户信息
     * @return
     */
    List<User> findAll();

    /**
     * 根据id查询用户信息
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    User findById(Integer id);
}

AccountMapper.java

public interface AccountMapper {

    /**
     * 查询所有账户,同时还要获取到当前账户的所属用户信息
     * @return
     */
    List<Account> findAll();

    /**
     * 根据用户id查询账户信息
     * @param uid
     * @return
     */
    List<Account> findAccountByUid(Integer uid);

}

4.编写mapper的映射文件

UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<!--namespace必须是mapper的全限定类名-->
<mapper namespace="com.wd.mapper.UserMapper">
    
    <!--定义user的resultMap-->
    <resultMap id="userAccountMap" type="user">
        <id property="id" column="id"></id>
        <result property="username" column="username"></result>
        <result property="address" column="address"></result>
        <result property="sex" column="sex"></result>
        <result property="birthday" column="birthday"></result>
        <!-- 配置user对象中accounts集合的映射 -->
        <collection property="accounts" ofType="account" select="com.wd.mapper.AccountMapper.findAccountByUid" column="id">

        </collection>
    </resultMap>


    <!--配置查询所有-->
    <!--id属性的取值必须是mapper接口的方法名-->
    <select id="findAll" resultMap="userAccountMap">
        select * from user
    </select>

    <!--根据id查询用户信息-->
    <select id="findById" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" resultType="com.wd.entity.User">
        select * from user where id = #{id}
    </select>
</mapper>

AccountMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<!--namespace必须是mapper的全限定类名-->
<mapper namespace="com.wd.mapper.AccountMapper">

    <!-- 定义封装account和user的resultMap -->
    <resultMap id="accountUserMap" type="account">
        <id property="id" column="aid"/>
        <result property="uid" column="uid"></result>
        <result property="money" column="money"></result>
        <!-- 一对一的关系映射：配置封装user的内容
            select属性指定的内容，查询用户的唯一标志
            column属性指定的内容：用户根据id查询时，所需要的参数的值
        -->
        <association property="user" column="uid" javaType="user" select="com.wd.mapper.UserMapper.findById">

        </association>
    </resultMap>

    <!--配置查询所有-->
    <!--id属性的取值必须是mapper接口的方法名-->
    <select id="findAll" resultMap="accountUserMap">
        select * from account
    </select>

    <!-- 根据用户id查询账户列表 -->
    <select id="findAccountByUid" resultType="com.wd.entity.Account">
        select * from account where uid = #{uid}
    </select>
</mapper>

5.开启Mybatis的延迟加载策略

进入 Mybaits 的官方文档，找到 settings 的说明信息:

我们需要在 Mybatis 的配置文件 SqlMapConfig.xml 文件中添加延迟加载的配置。

 <settings>
        <!--开启mybatis支持延迟加载-->
        <setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>
        <setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false "/>
 </settings>

6.编写测试类

UserTest.java

public class UserTest {

    private InputStream in;
    private SqlSession session;
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    @Before //用于在测试方法执行之前执行
    public void init() throws IOException {
        //1.读取配置文件,生成读取字节流
        in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
        //2.创建SqlSessionFactory工厂
        SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
        //3.使用工厂生产SqlSession对象
        session = factory.openSession();
        //4.使用SqlSession创建Mapper代理的接口对象
        userMapper = session.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
    }

    /**
     * 释放资源
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @After //用于在测试方法执行之后执行
    public void destroy() throws IOException {
        //提交事务
        // session.commit();
        session.close();
        in.close();
    }


    /**
     * 测试查询所有
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testFindAll(){
        List<User> users = userMapper.findAll();
//        for (User user : users){
//            System.out.println("--------每个user的信息------------");
//            System.out.println(user);
//            System.out.println(user.getAccounts());
//        }

    }

}

AccountTest.java

public class AccountTest {

    private InputStream in;
    private SqlSession session;
    private AccountMapper accountMapper;

    @Before //用于在测试方法执行之前执行
    public void init() throws IOException {
        //1.读取配置文件,生成读取字节流
        in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
        //2.创建SqlSessionFactory工厂
        SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
        //3.使用工厂生产SqlSession对象
        session = factory.openSession();
        //4.使用SqlSession创建Mapper代理的接口对象
        accountMapper = session.getMapper(AccountMapper.class);
    }

    /**
     * 释放资源
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @After //用于在测试方法执行之后执行
    public void destroy() throws IOException {
        //提交事务
        // session.commit();
        session.close();
        in.close();
    }


    /**
     * 测试查询所有
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testFindAll(){
        List<Account> accounts = accountMapper.findAll();
        for (Account account : accounts){
            System.out.println("--------每个account的信息------------");
            System.out.println(account);
            System.out.println(account.getUser());
        }

    }

}

7.项目源代码

源代码地址
https://github.com/Qreply/mybatisLazy.git