使用GenericAPIView和mixins类展示数据

创建项目:
创建App

django-admin startproject  项目名称
python manage.py startapp  App名称

settings配置

# 配置INSTALLED_APPS
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'apps.tastapp',  # 配置APP
    'corsheaders',	 # 配置跨域
    'rest_framework' # 配置rest_framework
]

# 配置数据库, 我是使用的MySQL数据库
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': "lianxi",    # 数据库名称
        "HOST": "127.0.0.1", # 主机号
        "PORT": 3306, 		 # 端口号
        "USER": 'root',		 # 用户名
        "PASSWORD": "root"	 # 数据库密码,这里必须为字符串
    }
}

打开models.py 在里面创建表:

from django.db import models


# Create your models here.

# 创建类型表
class Type(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)

# 创建图书表
class Book(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField('名称', max_length=32)
    price = models.IntegerField('价格')
    type = models.ForeignKey(Type, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    # ForeignKey为外键关系, Django和Flask不同, Flask是一方定义关系, 多方定义外键, Django只用定义外键

# 添加数据

在子应用中(App)创建文件sers.py

from .models import Book, Type
from rest_framework import serializers

# 序列化类
class TypeSer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Type
        fields = "__all__"


class BookSer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Book
        fields = "__all__"

代码:
展示图书分类, 图书

from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView   # 导包
from rest_framework import mixins

#创建一个父类
class ListMixin:
	def get(self, request):
		ser = self.serializer_class(self.get_queryset(), many=True)
		return Response(ser.data)

# 创建子类, 子类继承父类
class TypeView(ListMixin):
	serializer_class = TypeSer  # 指定序列化器
	
	def get_queryset(self):
		queryset = Type.objects.all() # 获取查询集
		return queryset

class BookView(ListMixin):
	serializer_class = BookSer
	def get_queryset(self):
		queryset = Book,objects.all()
		return querset

在子应用中(App)创建文件urls.py

from django.urls import path

from apps.tastapp.views import TypeView, BookView

urlpatterns = [

    path("types/", TypeView.as_view()),
    path("books/", BookView.as_view()),
    
]

在项目主文件中的urls.py中配置主路由

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path("", include("tastapp.urls")),
]

可以自己写前端页面, 也可以用Postman测试