mongodb安装笔记
--下面大部分都是参考网上资料，仅仅作为笔记使用
参考链接
我的mongodb安装在[d:\Java\mongodb]
所以需要根目录手动创建文件夹【e:\data\db】
mongodb使用服务方式安装
'D:\Java\mongodb\bin\mongod.exe --bind_ip 127.0.0.1 --logpath d:\\Java\\mongodb
\\logs\\MongoLog.log --logappend --dbpath d:\\data --directoryperdb --service'
Fri Jan 10 09:17:45.050 Service can be started from the command line with 'net s
tart MongoDB'日志需要指定具体的文件，比如MongoLog.log 之前没有置顶就报错【 服务没有及时响应或控制请求】
安装、删除服务指令
mongod --install
mongod --service
mongod --remove
mongod --reinstall
或者
C:\mongodb\bin\mongod.exe --remove
启动服务
net start Mongodb停止服务
net stop Mongodb测试简单JavaScript语句
> 3+3
6
> db
test
> // the first write will create the db:
> db.foo.insert( { a : 1 } )
> db.foo.find()
{ _id : ..., a : 1 }
mongo.exe的详细的用法可以参考mongo.exe --help
show dbs:显示数据库列表
show collections：显示当前数据库中的集合（类似关系数据库中的表）
show users：显示用户
use <db name>：切换当前数据库，这和MS-SQL里面的意思一样
db.help()：显示数据库操作命令，里面有很多的命令
db.foo.help()：显示集合操作命令，同样有很多的命令，foo指的是当前数据库下，一个叫foo的集合，并非真正意义上的命令
db.foo.find()：对于当前数据库中的foo集合进行数据查找（由于没有条件，会列出所有数据）
db.foo.find( { a : 1 } )：对于当前数据库中的foo集合进行查找，条件是数据中有一个属性叫a，且a的值为1
下面从官网摘抄下来的普通sql跟MongoDB的区别
Create and Alter
The following table presents the various SQL statements related totable-level actions and the corresponding MongoDB statements.
| SQL Schema Statements | MongoDB Schema Statements | Reference |
|---|---|---|
CREATE TABLE users (
id MEDIUMINT NOT NULL
AUTO_INCREMENT,
user_id Varchar(30),
age Number,
status char(1),
PRIMARY KEY (id)
)
| Implicitly created on first insert() operation. The primary key_idis automatically added if_id field is not specified. db.users.insert( {
user_id: "abc123",
age: 55,
status: "A"
} )
However, you can also explicitly create a collection: db.createCollection("users")
| Seeinsert() anddb.createCollection()for more information. |
ALTER TABLE users
ADD join_date DATETIME
| Collections do not describe or enforce the structure of itsdocuments; i.e. there is no structural alteration at thecollection level. However, at the document level, update() operations can add fields to existingdocuments using the$set operator. db.users.update(
{ },
{ $set: { join_date: new Date() } },
{ multi: true }
)
| See the Data Modeling Concepts, update(), and$set for moreinformation on changing the structure of documents in acollection. |
ALTER TABLE users
DROP COLUMN join_date
| Collections do not describe or enforce the structure of itsdocuments; i.e. there is no structural alteration at the collectionlevel. However, at the document level, update() operations can remove fields fromdocuments using the$unset operator. db.users.update(
{ },
{ $unset: { join_date: "" } },
{ multi: true }
)
| See Data Modeling Concepts, update(), and$unset for more information on changing the structure ofdocuments in a collection. |
CREATE INDEX idx_user_id_asc
ON users(user_id)
|
db.users.ensureIndex( { user_id: 1 } )
| See ensureIndex()andindexes for more information. |
CREATE INDEX
idx_user_id_asc_age_desc
ON users(user_id, age DESC)
|
db.users.ensureIndex( { user_id: 1, age: -1 } )
| See ensureIndex()andindexes for more information. |
DROP TABLE users
|
db.users.drop()
| See drop() formore information. |
Insert
The following table presents the various SQL statements related toinserting records into tables and the corresponding MongoDB statements.
| SQL INSERT Statements | MongoDB insert() Statements | Reference |
|---|---|---|
INSERT INTO users(user_id,
age,
status)
VALUES ("bcd001",
45,
"A")
|
db.users.insert( {
user_id: "bcd001",
age: 45,
status: "A"
} )
| See insert() for more information. |
Select
The following table presents the various SQL statements related toreading records from tables and the corresponding MongoDB statements.
| SQL SELECT Statements | MongoDB find() Statements | Reference |
|---|---|---|
SELECT *
FROM users
|
db.users.find()
| See find()for more information. |
SELECT id, user_id, status
FROM users
|
db.users.find(
{ },
{ user_id: 1, status: 1 }
)
| See find()for more information. |
SELECT user_id, status
FROM users
|
db.users.find(
{ },
{ user_id: 1, status: 1, _id: 0 }
)
| See find()for more information. |
SELECT *
FROM users
WHERE status = "A"
|
db.users.find(
{ status: "A" }
)
| See find()for more information. |
SELECT user_id, status
FROM users
WHERE status = "A"
|
db.users.find(
{ status: "A" },
{ user_id: 1, status: 1, _id: 0 }
)
| See find()for more information. |
SELECT *
FROM users
WHERE status != "A"
|
db.users.find(
{ status: { $ne: "A" } }
)
| See find()and$ne for more information. |
SELECT *
FROM users
WHERE status = "A"
AND age = 50
|
db.users.find(
{ status: "A",
age: 50 }
)
| See find()and$and for more information. |
SELECT *
FROM users
WHERE status = "A"
OR age = 50
|
db.users.find(
{ $or: [ { status: "A" } ,
{ age: 50 } ] }
)
| See find()and$or for more information. |
SELECT *
FROM users
WHERE age > 25
|
db.users.find(
{ age: { $gt: 25 } }
)
| See find()and$gt for more information. |
SELECT *
FROM users
WHERE age < 25
|
db.users.find(
{ age: { $lt: 25 } }
)
| See find()and$lt for more information. |
SELECT *
FROM users
WHERE age > 25
AND age <= 50
|
db.users.find(
{ age: { $gt: 25, $lte: 50 } }
)
| See find(),$gt, and $lte formore information. |
SELECT *
FROM users
WHERE user_id like "%bc%"
|
db.users.find(
{ user_id: /bc/ }
)
| See find()and$regex for more information. |
SELECT *
FROM users
WHERE user_id like "bc%"
|
db.users.find(
{ user_id: /^bc/ }
)
| See find()and$regex for more information. |
SELECT *
FROM users
WHERE status = "A"
ORDER BY user_id ASC
|
db.users.find( { status: "A" } ).sort( { user_id: 1 } )
| See find()andsort()for more information. |
SELECT *
FROM users
WHERE status = "A"
ORDER BY user_id DESC
|
db.users.find( { status: "A" } ).sort( { user_id: -1 } )
| See find()andsort()for more information. |
SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM users
|
db.users.count()
or db.users.find().count()
| See find()andcount() formore information. |
SELECT COUNT(user_id)
FROM users
|
db.users.count( { user_id: { $exists: true } } )
or db.users.find( { user_id: { $exists: true } } ).count()
| See find(),count(), and$exists for more information. |
SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM users
WHERE age > 30
|
db.users.count( { age: { $gt: 30 } } )
or db.users.find( { age: { $gt: 30 } } ).count()
| See find(),count(), and$gt for more information. |
SELECT DISTINCT(status)
FROM users
|
db.users.distinct( "status" )
| See find()anddistinct()for more information. |
SELECT *
FROM users
LIMIT 1
|
db.users.findOne()
or db.users.find().limit(1)
| See find(),findOne(),andlimit()for more information. |
SELECT *
FROM users
LIMIT 5
SKIP 10
|
db.users.find().limit(5).skip(10)
| See find(),limit(), andskip() formore information. |
EXPLAIN SELECT *
FROM users
WHERE status = "A"
|
db.users.find( { status: "A" } ).explain()
| See find()andexplain()for more information. |
Update Records
The following table presents the various SQL statements related toupdating existing records in tables and the corresponding MongoDBstatements.
| SQL Update Statements | MongoDB update() Statements | Reference |
|---|---|---|
UPDATE users
SET status = "C"
WHERE age > 25
|
db.users.update(
{ age: { $gt: 25 } },
{ $set: { status: "C" } },
{ multi: true }
)
| See update(),$gt, and $set for moreinformation. |
UPDATE users
SET age = age + 3
WHERE status = "A"
|
db.users.update(
{ status: "A" } ,
{ $inc: { age: 3 } },
{ multi: true }
)
| See update(),$inc, and $set for moreinformation. |
Delete Records
The following table presents the various SQL statements related todeleting records from tables and the corresponding MongoDB statements.
| SQL Delete Statements | MongoDB remove() Statements | Reference |
|---|---|---|
DELETE FROM users
WHERE status = "D"
|
db.users.remove( { status: "D" } )
| See remove()for more information. |
DELETE FROM users
|
db.users.remove( )
| See remove()for more information. |
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