[leetcode]59. Spiral Matrix II

https://leetcode.com/problems/spiral-matrix-ii/description/

Given a positive integer n, generate an n x n matrix filled with elements from 1 to n2 in spiral order.

Example 1:

Input: n = 3

Output: [[1,2,3],[8,9,4],[7,6,5]]

Example 2:

Input: n = 1

Output: [[1]]

class Solution {
public:
    vector<vector<int>> generateMatrix(int n) {
        vector<vector<int>> matrix(n, vector<int>(n));
        if (n <= 0) 
            return matrix;
        
        int u = 0, d = n - 1, l = 0, r = n - 1, k = 1;
        while (true) {
            // up
            for (int col = l; col <= r; col++) matrix[u][col] = k++;
            if (++u > d) break;
            // right
            for (int row = u; row <= d; row++) matrix[row][r] = k++;
            if (--r < l) break;
            // down
            for (int col = r; col >= l; col--) matrix[d][col] = k++;
            if (--d < u) break;
            // left
            for (int row = d; row >= u; row--) matrix[row][l] = k++;
            if (++l > r) break;
        }
        return matrix;

    }
};