Vibe背景建模

1、" ViBe.h"

#pragma once  
#include <iostream>  
#include "opencv2/opencv.hpp"  
  
using namespace cv;  
using namespace std;  
  
#define NUM_SAMPLES 20      //每个像素点的样本个数  
#define MIN_MATCHES 2       //#min指数  
#define RADIUS 20       //Sqthere半径  
#define SUBSAMPLE_FACTOR 16 //子采样概率  
  
  
class ViBe_BGS  
{  
public:  
    ViBe_BGS(void);  
    ~ViBe_BGS(void);  
  
    void init(const Mat _image);   //初始化  
    void processFirstFrame(const Mat _image);  
    void testAndUpdate(const Mat _image);  //更新  
    Mat getMask(void){return m_mask;};  
  
private:  
    Mat m_samples[NUM_SAMPLES];  
    Mat m_foregroundMatchCount;  
    Mat m_mask;  
}; 

2、 "ViBe.cpp"

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>  
#include <iostream>  
#include "ViBe.h"  
  
using namespace std;  
using namespace cv;  
  
int c_xoff[9] = {-1,  0,  1, -1, 1, -1, 0, 1, 0};  //x的邻居点  
int c_yoff[9] = {-1,  0,  1, -1, 1, -1, 0, 1, 0};  //y的邻居点  
  
ViBe_BGS::ViBe_BGS(void)  
{  
  
}  
ViBe_BGS::~ViBe_BGS(void)  
{  
  
}  
  
/**************** Assign space and init ***************************/  
void ViBe_BGS::init(const Mat _image)  
{  
     for(int i = 0; i < NUM_SAMPLES; i++)  
     {  
         m_samples[i] = Mat::zeros(_image.size(), CV_8UC1);  
     }  
     m_mask = Mat::zeros(_image.size(),CV_8UC1);  
     m_foregroundMatchCount = Mat::zeros(_image.size(),CV_8UC1);  
}  
  
/**************** Init model from first frame ********************/  
void ViBe_BGS::processFirstFrame(const Mat _image)  
{  
    RNG rng;  
    int row, col;  
  
    for(int i = 0; i < _image.rows; i++)  
    {  
        for(int j = 0; j < _image.cols; j++)  
        {  
             for(int k = 0 ; k < NUM_SAMPLES; k++)  
             {  
                 // Random pick up NUM_SAMPLES pixel in neighbourhood to construct the model  
                 int random = rng.uniform(0, 9);  
  
                 row = i + c_yoff[random];  
                 if (row < 0)   
                     row = 0;  
                 if (row >= _image.rows)  
                     row = _image.rows - 1;  
  
                 col = j + c_xoff[random];  
                 if (col < 0)   
                     col = 0;  
                 if (col >= _image.cols)  
                     col = _image.cols - 1;  
  
                 m_samples[k].at<uchar>(i, j) = _image.at<uchar>(row, col);  
             }  
        }  
    }  
}  
  
/**************** Test a new frame and update model ********************/  
void ViBe_BGS::testAndUpdate(const Mat _image)  
{  
    RNG rng;  
  
    for(int i = 0; i < _image.rows; i++)  
    {  
        for(int j = 0; j < _image.cols; j++)  
        {  
            int matches(0), count(0);  
            float dist;  
  
            while(matches < MIN_MATCHES && count < NUM_SAMPLES)  
            {  
                dist = abs(m_samples[count].at<uchar>(i, j) - _image.at<uchar>(i, j));  
                if (dist < RADIUS)  
                    matches++;  
                count++;  
            }  
  
            if (matches >= MIN_MATCHES)  
            {  
                // It is a background pixel  
                m_foregroundMatchCount.at<uchar>(i, j) = 0;  
  
                // Set background pixel to 0  
                m_mask.at<uchar>(i, j) = 0;  
  
                // 如果一个像素是背景点，那么它有 1 / defaultSubsamplingFactor 的概率去更新自己的模型样本值  
                int random = rng.uniform(0, SUBSAMPLE_FACTOR);  
                if (random == 0)  
                {  
                    random = rng.uniform(0, NUM_SAMPLES);  
                    m_samples[random].at<uchar>(i, j) = _image.at<uchar>(i, j);  
                }  
  
                // 同时也有 1 / defaultSubsamplingFactor 的概率去更新它的邻居点的模型样本值  
                random = rng.uniform(0, SUBSAMPLE_FACTOR);  
                if (random == 0)  
                {  
                    int row, col;  
                    random = rng.uniform(0, 9);  
                    row = i + c_yoff[random];  
                    if (row < 0)   
                        row = 0;  
                    if (row >= _image.rows)  
                        row = _image.rows - 1;  
  
                    random = rng.uniform(0, 9);  
                    col = j + c_xoff[random];  
                    if (col < 0)   
                        col = 0;  
                    if (col >= _image.cols)  
                        col = _image.cols - 1;  
  
                    random = rng.uniform(0, NUM_SAMPLES);  
                    m_samples[random].at<uchar>(row, col) = _image.at<uchar>(i, j);  
                }  
            }  
            else  
            {  
                // It is a foreground pixel  
                m_foregroundMatchCount.at<uchar>(i, j)++;  
  
                // Set background pixel to 255  
                m_mask.at<uchar>(i, j) = 255;  
  
                //如果某个像素点连续N次被检测为前景，则认为一块静止区域被误判为运动，将其更新为背景点  
                if (m_foregroundMatchCount.at<uchar>(i, j) > 50)  
                {  
                    int random = rng.uniform(0, SUBSAMPLE_FACTOR);  
                    if (random == 0)  
                    {  
                        random = rng.uniform(0, NUM_SAMPLES);  
                        m_samples[random].at<uchar>(i, j) = _image.at<uchar>(i, j);  
                    }  
                }  
            }  
        }  
    }  
}  

3、 main函数

#include "opencv2/opencv.hpp"  
#include "ViBe.h"  
#include <iostream>  
#include<time.h>
  
using namespace cv;  
using namespace std;  
  
int main()  
{  
	double start,end;
    Mat frame, gray, mask;  
    VideoCapture capture;  
    capture.open("seq-320-240.avi");  
	//capture.open(0);
  
    if (!capture.isOpened())  
    {  
        cout<<"No camera or video input!\n"<<endl;  
        return -1;  
    }  
  
    ViBe_BGS Vibe_Bgs;  
    int count = 0;  
  
    while (1)  
    {  
        count++;  
        capture >> frame;  
        if (frame.empty())  
            break;  
        cvtColor(frame, gray, CV_BGR2GRAY);  
      
        if (count == 1)  
        {  
            Vibe_Bgs.init(gray);  
            Vibe_Bgs.processFirstFrame(gray);  
            cout<<" Training GMM complete!"<<endl;  
        }  
        else  
        {  
			start=clock();
            Vibe_Bgs.testAndUpdate(gray);  
            mask = Vibe_Bgs.getMask();
			end=clock();
            morphologyEx(mask, mask, MORPH_OPEN, Mat());  
            imshow("mask", mask);
			int fps=1000/(end-start);
			cout<<"FPS: "<<fps<<endl;
        }  
  
        imshow("input", frame);   
  
        if ( cvWaitKey(30) == 'q' )  
            break;  
    }  
    system("pause");
    return 0;  
}