Java之BufferedImage简谈

转载地址:http://blog.163.com/yuhua_kui/blog/static/9679964420139118203818/
1. 创建一个BufferedImage对象
import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration;
import java.awt.GraphicsDevice;
import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;
import java.awt.Transparency;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

实现代码：

public class Test extends Frame{

 /**

  * @param args

  */

 public static void main(String[] args) {

     // TODO Auto-generated method stub

       int width = 100;

       int height = 100;

    // 1.创建一个不带透明色的BufferedImage对象

     BufferedImage bimage = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);

       // 2.创建一个带透明色的BufferedImage对象

      bimage = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);

     // 3.创建一个与屏幕相适应的BufferedImage对象

     GraphicsEnvironment ge = GraphicsEnvironment .getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();

      GraphicsDevice gs = ge.getDefaultScreenDevice();

      GraphicsConfiguration gc = gs.getDefaultConfiguration();

     // Create an image that does not support transparency

      bimage = gc.createCompatibleImage(width, height, Transparency.OPAQUE);

      // Create an image that supports transparent pixels

      bimage = gc.createCompatibleImage(width, height, Transparency.BITMASK);

       // Create an image that supports arbitrary levels of transparency

     bimage = gc.createCompatibleImage(width, height,

                Transparency.TRANSLUCENT);

   }

   // 4.当然我们也可以在图形上下文来创建一个BufferedImage对象

  public void paint(Graphics g) {

       Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;

       int width = 100;

       int height = 100;

      // Create an image that does not support transparency

      BufferedImage bimage = g2d.getDeviceConfiguration()

                              .createCompatibleImage(width, height, Transparency.OPAQUE);

       // Create an image that supports transparent pixels

      bimage = g2d.getDeviceConfiguration().createCompatibleImage(width,

                height, Transparency.BITMASK);

      // Create an image that supports arbitrary levels of transparency

      bimage = g2d.getDeviceConfiguration().createCompatibleImage(width,

                height, Transparency.TRANSLUCENT);

   }

}

2.使用BufferedImage的图像剪裁：

 public static void main(String[] args) {

   try {

   //从特定文件载入

   BufferedImage bi = ImageIO.read(new File("c:\\test.jpg"));

   bi.getSubimage(0, 0, 10, 10);

  } catch (IOException e) {

   e.printStackTrace();

  }

}

注意ImageIO.read进行读图操作与以往的InputStream读取比较方便！

3.BufferedImage类型与Byte[]流之间相互转化，以及BufferedImage的显示与传输

一、需要用到的类

java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
javax.imageio.ImageIO;
java.io.*;

二、为什么要将BufferedImage转为byte数组

在传输中，图片是不能直接传的，因此需要把图片变为字节数组，然后传输比较方便；只需要一般输出流的write方法即可；而字节数组变成BufferedImage能够还原图像；

三、如何取得BufferedImage

BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(new File("1.gif"));

四、BufferedImage  ---->byte[]

ImageIO.write(BufferedImage image,String format,OutputStream out);方法可以很好的解决问题；
参数image表示获得的BufferedImage；
参数format表示图片的格式，比如“gif”等；
参数out表示输出流，如果要转成Byte数组，则输出流为ByteArrayOutputStream即可；

执行完后，只需要toByteArray()就能得到byte[];

五、byte[] ------>BufferedImage

ByteArrayInputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(byte[]b);    //将b作为输入流；
BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(InputStream in);     //将in作为输入流，读取图片存入image中，而这里in可以为ByteArrayInputStream();

六、显示BufferedImage

public void paint(Graphics g){
    super.paint(g);
    g.drawImage(image);    //image为BufferedImage类型
}

七、实例

要求：编写一个网络程序，通过Socket将图片从服务器端传到客户端，并存入文件系统；

Server端：
package org.exam3;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
public class T6Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(8888);
	Socket s = server.accept();
	DataOutputStream dout = new DataOutputStream(s.getOutputStream());
	BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(new File("1.gif"));
	ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
	boolean flag = ImageIO.write(image, "gif", out);
	byte[] b = out.toByteArray();
	dout.write(b);
	s.close();
	}
}
Client端：
package org.exam3;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
public class T6Client extends JFrame {
	JButton button;
	MyPanel panel;
	public T6Client() {
		setSize(300, 400);
		button = new JButton("获取图像");
		add(button,BorderLayout.NORTH);
		button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {
			try {
			Socket s = new Socket("localhost",8888);
			PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream());
			out.print("a");
			DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(s.getInputStream());
			byte[]b = new byte[1000000];
			in.read(b);
			ByteArrayInputStream bin = new ByteArrayInputStream(b);
			BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(bin);
			ImageIO.write(image, "gif", new File("2.gif"));
			s.close();
			} catch (Exception e) {
			}
		}
	});
panel = new MyPanel();
add(panel);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
T6Client frame = new T6Client();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setVisible(true);
	}
}

4. BufferedImage与Image之间的相互转换

<一>

BufferedImage input = ImageIO.read(file1);
Image big = input.getScaledInstance(256, 256,Image.SCALE_DEFAULT); //放缩图片
BufferedImage inputbig = new BufferedImage(256, 256,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);
inputbig.getGraphics().drawImage(input, 0, 0, 256, 256, null); //画图

<二>

public BufferedImage toBufferedImage(Image image) {
	if (image instanceof BufferedImage) { return (BufferedImage) image; }

	image = new ImageIcon(image).getImage(); 

	//ImageIcon与Image之间的转化: ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(image); image = 	icon.getImage();

	boolean hasAlpha = false;

	BufferedImage bimage = null;

	GraphicsEnvironment ge = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();

	try {

	int transparency = Transparency.OPAQUE;

	if (hasAlpha) { transparency = Transparency.BITMASK; }

	GraphicsDevice gs = ge.getDefaultScreenDevice();

	GraphicsConfiguration gc = gs.getDefaultConfiguration();

	bimage = gc.createCompatibleImage(image.getWidth(null),

	image.getHeight(null), transparency);

	} catch (HeadlessException e) {

	}

	if (bimage == null) {

	int type = BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB;

	if (hasAlpha) { type = BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB; }

	bimage = new BufferedImage(image.getWidth(null),image.getHeight(null), type);

	}

	Graphics g = bimage.createGraphics();

	g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);

	g.dispose();

	return bimage;

}