数据可视化
import matplotlib
折线图
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
squres=[1,4,9,16,25]
plt.plot(squres)
plt.show()
plt.plot(squres,linewidth=5)
plt.show()
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
squres=[1,4,9,16,25]
plt.plot(squres)
plt.title("Squre Numbers",fontsize=10)
plt.xlabel("Value",fontsize=10)
plt.ylabel("Squre of Value",fontsize=10)
plt.tick_params(axis="both",labelsize=10)
plt.show()
input_values=[1,2,3,4,5]
squres=[1,4,9,16,25]
plt.plot(input_values,squres,linewidth=5)
散点图
plt.scatter(2,4)
plt.show()
plt.scatter(2,4,s=50)
plt.show()
plt.scatter(2,4,s=50)
plt.title("Squre Scatter",fontsize=10)
plt.xlabel("Value",fontsize=10)
plt.ylabel("Squre of Value",fontsize=10)
plt.tick_params(axis="both",which="major",labelsize=10)
plt.show()
x_values=[1,2,3,4,5]
y_values=[1,4,9,16,25]
plt.scatter(x_values,y_values,s=50)
自动计算数据
x_values=list(range(1,1001))
y_values=[x**2 for x in x_values]
plt.scatter(x_values,y_values,s=10)
删除黑色轮廓
plt.scatter(x_values,y_values,edgecolor="none",s=10)
自定义颜色
plt.scatter(x_values,y_values,c="red",edgecolor="none",s=10)
plt.scatter(x_values,y_values,c=(1,0.5,0.8),edgecolor="none",s=10)
plt.scatter(x_values,y_values,c=y_values,cmap=plt.cm.Reds,edgecolor="none",s=10)
自动保存图表
plt.savefig("squres_plot.png",bbox_inches="tight")
随机漫步
from random import choice
class RandomWalk():
def __init__(self,num_points=5000):
self.num_points=num_points
self.x_values=[0]
self.y_values=[0]
def fill_walk(self):
while len(self.x_values)<self.num_points:
x_direction=choice([1,-1])
x_distance=choice([0,1,2,3,4])
x_step=x_direction*x_distance
y_direction=choice([1,-1])
y_distance=choice([0,1,2,3,4])
y_step=y_direction*y_distance
if x_step==0 and y_step==0:
continue
next_x=self.x_values[-1]+x_step
next_y=self.y_values[-1]+y_step
self.x_values.append(next_x)
self.y_values.append(next_y)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
rw=RandomWalk()
rw.fill_walk()
plt.scatter(rw.x_values,rw.y_values,s=15)
模拟多次随机漫步
while True:
rw=RandomWalk()
rw.fill_walk()
plt.scatter(rw.x_values,rw.y_values,s=15)
plt.show()
keep_running=input("Make another walk?(y/n):")
if keep_running=="n":
break
Make another walk?(y/n):n
设置随机漫步图样式
while True:
rw=RandomWalk()
rw.fill_walk()
point_numbers=list(range(rw.num_points))
plt.scatter(rw.x_values,rw.y_values,c=point_numbers,cmap=plt.cm.Reds,edgecolor="none",s=10)
plt.show()
keep_running=input("Make another walk?(y/n):")
while True:
plt.scatter(rw.x_values,rw.y_values,c=point_numbers,cmap=plt.cm.Blues,edgecolor="none",s=10)
plt.scatter(0,0,c="green",edgecolors="none",s=50)
plt.scatter(rw.x_values[-1],rw.y_values[-1],c="red",edgecolors="none",s=50)
keep_running=input("Make another walk?(y/n):")
while True:
plt.scatter(rw.x_values[-1],rw.y_values[-1],c="red",edgecolors="none",s=50)
plt.axes().get_xaxis().set_visible(False)
plt.axes().get_yaxis().set_visible(False)
plt.show()
rw=RandomWalk(5000)
rw.fill_walk()
point_numbers=list(range(rw.num_points))
plt.scatter(rw.x_values,rw.y_values,c=point_numbers,cmap=plt.cm.Blues,s=10)
plt.show()
rw=RandomWalk()
rw.fill_walk()
plt.figure(figsize=(10,6))
plt.show()
使用pygal模拟掷骰子
from random import randint
class Die():
def __init__(self,num_sides=6):
self.num_sides=num_sides
def roll(self):
return randint(1,self.num_sides)
die=Die()
results=[]
for roll_num in range(1,100):
result=die.roll()
results.append(result)
print(results)
[6, 6, 2, 5, 2, 3, 4, 1, 6, 3, 4, 1, 6, 1, 3, 5, 5, 3, 4, 6, 4, 2, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 2, 2, 4, 4, 1, 2, 4, 3, 4, 5, 2, 5, 4, 2, 5, 3, 5, 6, 2, 6, 5, 2, 1, 4, 2, 1, 2, 4, 4, 5, 6, 5, 3, 6, 3, 3, 5, 3, 6, 4, 4, 3, 6, 2, 6, 2, 6, 6, 6, 2, 6, 4, 5, 4, 3, 2, 5, 5, 2, 6, 6, 5, 6, 2, 6, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2]
result=[]
for roll_num in range(1000):
result=die.roll()
results.append(result)
frequencies=[]
for value in range(1,die.num_sides+1):
frequency=results.count(value)
frequencies.append(frequency)
print(frequencies)
[172, 184, 195, 207, 153, 188]