View的draw源码分析

单一View的draw过程

我们直接看View的draw方法源码

public void draw(Canvas canvas) {
        final int privateFlags = mPrivateFlags;
        final boolean dirtyOpaque = (privateFlags & PFLAG_DIRTY_MASK) == PFLAG_DIRTY_OPAQUE &&
                (mAttachInfo == null || !mAttachInfo.mIgnoreDirtyState);
        mPrivateFlags = (privateFlags & ~PFLAG_DIRTY_MASK) | PFLAG_DRAWN;
        // Step 1, draw the background, if needed
        int saveCount;
        if (!dirtyOpaque) {
            drawBackground(canvas);// 绘制当前View自身的的背景
        }
        // skip step 2 & 5 if possible (common case)
        final int viewFlags = mViewFlags;
        boolean horizontalEdges = (viewFlags & FADING_EDGE_HORIZONTAL) != 0;
        boolean verticalEdges = (viewFlags & FADING_EDGE_VERTICAL) != 0;
        if (!verticalEdges && !horizontalEdges) {
            // Step 3, draw the content
            if (!dirtyOpaque) onDraw(canvas);// 绘制当前View的自身类容
            // Step 4, draw the children
            dispatchDraw(canvas);// 绘制当前View的所以子View
            drawAutofilledHighlight(canvas);
            // Overlay is part of the content and draws beneath Foreground
            if (mOverlay != null && !mOverlay.isEmpty()) {
                mOverlay.getOverlayView().dispatchDraw(canvas);
            }
            // Step 6, draw decorations (foreground, scrollbars)
            onDrawForeground(canvas);// 绘制装饰
            // Step 7, draw the default focus highlight
            drawDefaultFocusHighlight(canvas);
            if (debugDraw()) {
                debugDrawFocus(canvas);
            }
            // we're done...
            return;
        }
        boolean drawTop = false;
        boolean drawBottom = false;
        boolean drawLeft = false;
        boolean drawRight = false;
        float topFadeStrength = 0.0f;
        float bottomFadeStrength = 0.0f;
        float leftFadeStrength = 0.0f;
        float rightFadeStrength = 0.0f;
        // Step 2, save the canvas' layers
        int paddingLeft = mPaddingLeft;
        final boolean offsetRequired = isPaddingOffsetRequired();
        if (offsetRequired) {
            paddingLeft += getLeftPaddingOffset();
        }
        int left = mScrollX + paddingLeft;
        int right = left + mRight - mLeft - mPaddingRight - paddingLeft;
        int top = mScrollY + getFadeTop(offsetRequired);
        int bottom = top + getFadeHeight(offsetRequired);
        if (offsetRequired) {
            right += getRightPaddingOffset();
            bottom += getBottomPaddingOffset();
        }
        final ScrollabilityCache scrollabilityCache = mScrollCache;
        final float fadeHeight = scrollabilityCache.fadingEdgeLength;
        int length = (int) fadeHeight;
        if (verticalEdges && (top + length > bottom - length)) {
            length = (bottom - top) / 2;
        }
        // also clip horizontal fades if necessary
        if (horizontalEdges && (left + length > right - length)) {
            length = (right - left) / 2;
        }
        if (verticalEdges) {
            topFadeStrength = Math.max(0.0f, Math.min(1.0f, getTopFadingEdgeStrength()));
            drawTop = topFadeStrength * fadeHeight > 1.0f;
            bottomFadeStrength = Math.max(0.0f, Math.min(1.0f, getBottomFadingEdgeStrength()));
            drawBottom = bottomFadeStrength * fadeHeight > 1.0f;
        }
        if (horizontalEdges) {
            leftFadeStrength = Math.max(0.0f, Math.min(1.0f, getLeftFadingEdgeStrength()));
            drawLeft = leftFadeStrength * fadeHeight > 1.0f;
            rightFadeStrength = Math.max(0.0f, Math.min(1.0f, getRightFadingEdgeStrength()));
            drawRight = rightFadeStrength * fadeHeight > 1.0f;
        }
        saveCount = canvas.getSaveCount();
        int solidColor = getSolidColor();
        if (solidColor == 0) {
            final int flags = Canvas.HAS_ALPHA_LAYER_SAVE_FLAG;
            if (drawTop) {
                canvas.saveLayer(left, top, right, top + length, null, flags);
            }
            if (drawBottom) {
                canvas.saveLayer(left, bottom - length, right, bottom, null, flags);
            }
            if (drawLeft) {
                canvas.saveLayer(left, top, left + length, bottom, null, flags);
            }
            if (drawRight) {
                canvas.saveLayer(right - length, top, right, bottom, null, flags);
            }
        } else {
            scrollabilityCache.setFadeColor(solidColor);
        }
        // Step 3, draw the content
        if (!dirtyOpaque) onDraw(canvas);// 绘制当前View自身的内容
        // Step 4, draw the children
        dispatchDraw(canvas);// 绘制当前View 的所有子View 
        // Step 5, draw the fade effect and restore layers
        final Paint p = scrollabilityCache.paint;
        final Matrix matrix = scrollabilityCache.matrix;
        final Shader fade = scrollabilityCache.shader;
        if (drawTop) {
            matrix.setScale(1, fadeHeight * topFadeStrength);
            matrix.postTranslate(left, top);
            fade.setLocalMatrix(matrix);
            p.setShader(fade);
            canvas.drawRect(left, top, right, top + length, p);
        }
        if (drawBottom) {
            matrix.setScale(1, fadeHeight * bottomFadeStrength);
            matrix.postRotate(180);
            matrix.postTranslate(left, bottom);
            fade.setLocalMatrix(matrix);
            p.setShader(fade);
            canvas.drawRect(left, bottom - length, right, bottom, p);
        }
        if (drawLeft) {
            matrix.setScale(1, fadeHeight * leftFadeStrength);
            matrix.postRotate(-90);
            matrix.postTranslate(left, top);
            fade.setLocalMatrix(matrix);
            p.setShader(fade);
            canvas.drawRect(left, top, left + length, bottom, p);
        }
        if (drawRight) {
            matrix.setScale(1, fadeHeight * rightFadeStrength);
            matrix.postRotate(90);
            matrix.postTranslate(right, top);
            fade.setLocalMatrix(matrix);
            p.setShader(fade);
            canvas.drawRect(right - length, top, right, bottom, p);
        }
        canvas.restoreToCount(saveCount);
        drawAutofilledHighlight(canvas);
        // Overlay is part of the content and draws beneath Foreground
        if (mOverlay != null && !mOverlay.isEmpty()) {
            mOverlay.getOverlayView().dispatchDraw(canvas);
        }
        // Step 6, draw decorations (foreground, scrollbars)
        onDrawForeground(canvas);// 绘制装饰
        if (debugDraw()) {
            debugDrawFocus(canvas);
        }
    }

从这个方法中可以看出View的draw流程如下：

• 绘制背景

private void drawBackground(Canvas canvas) {
        final Drawable background = mBackground;
        if (background == null) {
            return;
        }
        setBackgroundBounds();根据自身的mLeft,mRight ,mTop,mBotton ，来设置背景的边界
        if (canvas.isHardwareAccelerated() && mAttachInfo != null
                && mAttachInfo.mThreadedRenderer != null) {
            mBackgroundRenderNode = getDrawableRenderNode(background, mBackgroundRenderNode);
            final RenderNode renderNode = mBackgroundRenderNode;
            if (renderNode != null && renderNode.isValid()) {
                setBackgroundRenderNodeProperties(renderNode);
                ((DisplayListCanvas) canvas).drawRenderNode(renderNode);
                return;
            }
        }
        final int scrollX = mScrollX;
        final int scrollY = mScrollY;
        if ((scrollX | scrollY) == 0) {
            background.draw(canvas);
        } else {// mScrollX 或mScrollY 不为0 时，先平移画布，在绘制
            canvas.translate(scrollX, scrollY);
            background.draw(canvas);// 调用Drawable的绘制方法。
            canvas.translate(-scrollX, -scrollY);
        }
    }

• 绘制自身内容

 protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
 }

是个空实现，因为每个View的绘制的内容不尽相同，没办法做统一实现，所以需要开发者自己去实现。

• 绘制子View

protected void dispatchDraw(Canvas canvas) {
}

同样是个空方法。因为单一View是没有子View的。

• 绘制装饰

public void onDrawForeground(Canvas canvas) {
        onDrawScrollIndicators(canvas);
        onDrawScrollBars(canvas);
        final Drawable foreground = mForegroundInfo != null ? mForegroundInfo.mDrawable : null;
        if (foreground != null) {
            if (mForegroundInfo.mBoundsChanged) {
                mForegroundInfo.mBoundsChanged = false;
                final Rect selfBounds = mForegroundInfo.mSelfBounds;
                final Rect overlayBounds = mForegroundInfo.mOverlayBounds;
                if (mForegroundInfo.mInsidePadding) {
                    selfBounds.set(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
                } else {
                    selfBounds.set(getPaddingLeft(), getPaddingTop(),
                            getWidth() - getPaddingRight(), getHeight() - getPaddingBottom());
                }
                final int ld = getLayoutDirection();
                Gravity.apply(mForegroundInfo.mGravity, foreground.getIntrinsicWidth(),
                        foreground.getIntrinsicHeight(), selfBounds, overlayBounds, ld);
                foreground.setBounds(overlayBounds);
            }
            foreground.draw(canvas);
        }
    }

至此，单一View的draw过程已分析完毕。

ViewGroup的draw

ViewGroup中没有draw方法，所以绘制ViewGroup是也会走View的draw方法。ViewGroup的绘制和View绘制不同是单一View是没有子View的，而ViewGroup是有子View的，ViewGroup重写了View的dispatchDraw方法，在ViewGroup中dispatchDraw不是空方法。看源码：

protected void dispatchDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        boolean usingRenderNodeProperties = canvas.isRecordingFor(mRenderNode);
        final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount;
        final View[] children = mChildren;
        int flags = mGroupFlags;
        if ((flags & FLAG_RUN_ANIMATION) != 0 && canAnimate()) {
            final boolean buildCache = !isHardwareAccelerated();
            for (int i = 0; i < childrenCount; i++) {
                final View child = children[i];
                if ((child.mViewFlags & VISIBILITY_MASK) == VISIBLE) {
                    final LayoutParams params = child.getLayoutParams();
                    attachLayoutAnimationParameters(child, params, i, childrenCount);
                    bindLayoutAnimation(child);
                }
            }

            final LayoutAnimationController controller = mLayoutAnimationController;
            if (controller.willOverlap()) {
                mGroupFlags |= FLAG_OPTIMIZE_INVALIDATE;
            }
            controller.start();
            mGroupFlags &= ~FLAG_RUN_ANIMATION;
            mGroupFlags &= ~FLAG_ANIMATION_DONE;
            if (mAnimationListener != null) {
                mAnimationListener.onAnimationStart(controller.getAnimation());
            }
        }
        int clipSaveCount = 0;
        final boolean clipToPadding = (flags & CLIP_TO_PADDING_MASK) == CLIP_TO_PADDING_MASK;
        if (clipToPadding) {
            clipSaveCount = canvas.save(Canvas.CLIP_SAVE_FLAG);
            canvas.clipRect(mScrollX + mPaddingLeft, mScrollY + mPaddingTop,
                    mScrollX + mRight - mLeft - mPaddingRight,
                    mScrollY + mBottom - mTop - mPaddingBottom);
        }
        mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_DRAW_ANIMATION;
        mGroupFlags &= ~FLAG_INVALIDATE_REQUIRED;
        boolean more = false;
        final long drawingTime = getDrawingTime();
        if (usingRenderNodeProperties) canvas.insertReorderBarrier();
        final int transientCount = mTransientIndices == null ? 0 : mTransientIndices.size();
        int transientIndex = transientCount != 0 ? 0 : -1;
        final ArrayList<View> preorderedList = usingRenderNodeProperties
                ? null : buildOrderedChildList();
        final boolean customOrder = preorderedList == null
                && isChildrenDrawingOrderEnabled();
        for (int i = 0; i < childrenCount; i++) {
            while (transientIndex >= 0 && mTransientIndices.get(transientIndex) == i) {
                final View transientChild = mTransientViews.get(transientIndex);
                if ((transientChild.mViewFlags & VISIBILITY_MASK) == VISIBLE ||
                        transientChild.getAnimation() != null) {
                    more |= drawChild(canvas, transientChild, drawingTime);
                }
                transientIndex++;
                if (transientIndex >= transientCount) {
                    transientIndex = -1;
                }
            }
            final int childIndex = getAndVerifyPreorderedIndex(childrenCount, i, customOrder);
            final View child = getAndVerifyPreorderedView(preorderedList, children, childIndex);
            if ((child.mViewFlags & VISIBILITY_MASK) == VISIBLE || child.getAnimation() != null) {
                more |= drawChild(canvas, child, drawingTime);
            }
        }
        while (transientIndex >= 0) {
            final View transientChild = mTransientViews.get(transientIndex);
            if ((transientChild.mViewFlags & VISIBILITY_MASK) == VISIBLE ||
                    transientChild.getAnimation() != null) {
                more |= drawChild(canvas, transientChild, drawingTime);// 绘制子View
            }
            transientIndex++;
            if (transientIndex >= transientCount) {
                break;
            }
        }
        if (preorderedList != null) preorderedList.clear();
        if (mDisappearingChildren != null) {
            final ArrayList<View> disappearingChildren = mDisappearingChildren;
            final int disappearingCount = disappearingChildren.size() - 1;
            for (int i = disappearingCount; i >= 0; i--) {
                final View child = disappearingChildren.get(i);
                more |= drawChild(canvas, child, drawingTime);
            }
        }
        if (usingRenderNodeProperties) canvas.insertInorderBarrier();
        if (debugDraw()) {
            onDebugDraw(canvas);
        }
        if (clipToPadding) {
            canvas.restoreToCount(clipSaveCount);
        }
        flags = mGroupFlags;
        if ((flags & FLAG_INVALIDATE_REQUIRED) == FLAG_INVALIDATE_REQUIRED) {
            invalidate(true);
        }
        if ((flags & FLAG_ANIMATION_DONE) == 0 && (flags & FLAG_NOTIFY_ANIMATION_LISTENER) == 0 &&
                mLayoutAnimationController.isDone() && !more) {
            mGroupFlags |= FLAG_NOTIFY_ANIMATION_LISTENER;
            final Runnable end = new Runnable() {
               @Override
               public void run() {
                   notifyAnimationListener();
               }
            };
            post(end);
        }
    }
    /**
    *绘制子View
    /*
     protected boolean drawChild(Canvas canvas, View child, long drawingTime) {
        return child.draw(canvas, this, drawingTime);// 最终调用View的draw方法。
    }

所以ViewGroup的绘制流程如下：

View的特殊方法View.setWillNotDraw()

public void setWillNotDraw(boolean willNotDraw) {
    setFlags(willNotDraw ? WILL_NOT_DRAW : 0, DRAW_MASK);
}

什么作用呢？作用，当一个View不需要绘制任何内容，那么设置这个标记位位true以后，系统会进行相应的优化，默认情况下，View 没有启用这个优化标记位，单是ViewGroup会默认启用这个优化标记位。即这个标记位对实际开发意义是：当我们自定义空间继承ViewGroup并且本身不具备绘制功能时，就可以开启这个标记位从而便于系统后续的优化。当明确需要通过onDraw来绘制自身内容时，就需要显示地关闭WILL_NOT_DRAW标记位。

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