Python中open与json的使用

1.open的使用

# 操作文件流程
# 1 打开文件(文件路径， 模式)
# 2 操作文件
# 3 关闭文件

# f = open("data.txt", mode="r")
# print(f.readable())
# # content = f.read()
# # print(type(content))
# # line = f.readline()
# # print(type(line))
# content = f.readlines()
# print(type(content), content)
# f.close()

# f = open("image.png", "rb")
# content = f.read()
#
# f1 = open("image_new.png", "wb")
# f1.write(content)
# f1.close()
#
# f.close()


# f = open("data1.txt", mode="w")
# # print(f.writable())
# # f.write("this is new content")
# f.writelines([
#     "hello\n",
#     "hi\n",
#     "welcome"
# ])
# f.close()


# f = open("data2.txt", "x")
# f.write("heillo123456")
# f.close()


# f = open("data3.txt", "a")
# f.write("456789")
# f.close()


# 随着代码块的结束 f自动关闭 不需要调用close
with open("data.txt", mode="r") as f:
    print(f.read())

2.json的使用

# import json
#
#
# def save_data():
#     datas = {
#         "students": [
#             {
#                 "id": 101
#             },
#             {
#                 "id": 102
#             }
#         ]
#     }
#
#     # # 将字典序列化成字符串
#     # datas_str = json.dumps(datas)
#     # # print(datas_str, type(datas_str))
#     # with open("data.txt", "w") as f:
#     #     f.write(datas_str)
#
#     with open("data.txt", "w") as f:
#         json.dump(datas, f)
#
#
# save_data()
#
#
# # def load_data():
# #     # with open("data.txt", "r") as f:
# #     #     content = f.read()
# #     #     content = json.loads(content)
# #     #     print(content, type(content), len(content["students"]))
# #
# #
# #     with open("data.txt", "r") as f:
# #         content = json.load(f)
# #         print(content, len(content["students"]))
# #
# # load_data()
import json
import os

result = {
    "students": [],
    "class": [],
    "score":[],
    "user":[]
}


def read_data():
    if os.path.exists("data.txt"):
        with open("data.txt", "r") as f:
            global result
            result = json.load(f)




read_data()


def save_date():
    global result
    result["students"].append({
        "id": result["students"][-1]["id"] + 1 if result["students"] else 101,
        "name": input("输入用户名")
    })

    with open("data.txt", "w") as f:
        json.dump(result, f)

save_date()

# 闭包
# 1. 外部函数嵌套内部函数
# 2. 外部函数将内部函数
# 3. 内部函数可以访问保存外部函数局部变量
import time

# def f1():
#     print("f1")
#     i = 0
#
#     def f2():
#         nonlocal i
#         i += 1
#         print("f2", i)
#
#     return f2
#
#
# r = f1()
# r()
# r()
# r()


# def time_calc(f):
#     def calc():
#         start = time.time()
#         f()
#         print(time.time() - start)
#
#     return calc
#
#
# def login_required(f):
#     def check():
#         username = input("输入用户名")
#         if username == "admin":
#             f()
#         else:
#             print("校验失败，去登录")
#
#     return check
#
# @login_required
# @time_calc
# def index():
#     print("欢迎来到首页")
#
# # index = login_required(index)
# # index = time_calc(index)
#
# index()


# 数据的存储：文件、数据库：内容均是文本形式或者是二进制形式
# 程序中的数据是对应的数据类型？ 该怎么存储
# 需要一种技术将程序中的数据 与 文件中的数据进行转换

# 序列化：将对象(字典、列表)转字符串
# 反序列化：将字符串转对象(字典、列表)


import json
import pickle

# 符合json格式的字符串
# s0 = '[{"id":101, "name":"王石"},{"id":102, "name":"王健林"}]'

# obj = json.loads(s0)
# print(type(obj), obj[0]["name"])

# with open("data.txt", "r+", encoding="UTF8") as f:
#     # content = f.read()
#     # obj = json.loads(content)
#
#     obj = json.load(f)
#     print(type(obj), obj[0]["name"])
#     # 将文件指针放在开头 覆盖原有内容
#     f.seek(0)
#     obj.append({
#         "id": obj[-1]["id"] + 1 if obj else 101,
#         "name": input("输入用户名")
#     })
#
#
#     # s = json.dumps(obj, ensure_ascii=False)
#     # f.write(s)
#
#     json.dump(obj, f, ensure_ascii=False)
#
#
#
#     # print(f.readable(), f.writable())

3.open的使用案例

with open('example.txt', 'r') as f:
    content = f.read()
    print(content)
 

4.json使用案例

import json

# 将 Python 对象转换为 JSON 字符串
data = {
    'name': 'Alice',
    'age': 25,
    'is_student': True,
    'courses': ['Math', 'English', 'Science']
}

json_str = json.dumps(data)
print(json_str)

# 将 JSON 字符串转换为 Python 对象
json_data = '{"name": "Bob", "age": 30, "is_student": false, "courses": ["History", "Geography"]}'
data = json.loads(json_data)
print(data)
 

{"name": "Alice", "age": 25, "is_student": true, "courses": ["Math", "English", "Science"]}
 

 

{
    'name': 'Bob',
    'age': 30,
    'is_student': False,
    'courses': ['History', 'Geography']
}