Centos 7.6 源码编译安装 Nginx 1.19.10

本文主要记录如何在 CentOS 7.6 中编译安装 Nginx 官方最新的 1.19.10 版本。由于像 Nginx 、 Mysql 和 PHP 的的源码都是用 C/C++ 写的，所以自己的 CentOS 7.6 服务器上必须要安装 gcc 和 g++ 软件。

搭建 LNMP 环境一般是先安装 Mysql/MariaDB ，再安装 Nginx ，其次是安装 PHP

准备工作

创建用户和组

先创建一个名为 nginx 且没有登录权限的系统用户和一个名为 nginx 的系统用户组，然后安装 nginx 所需的依赖库和依赖包，最后通过 .configure 进行安装的详细配置。

• 创建 nginx 系统用户和系统用户组

groupadd -r nginx && useradd -c "Nginx Server" -r -g nginx -s /sbin/nologin -d /usr/local/nginx nginx -M

创建相关目录

# 创建缓存目录和日志目录
mkdir -pv /var/cache/nginx/{client_temp,proxy_temp,fastcgi_temp,uwsgi_temp,scgi_temp} /var/log/nginx

# 赋予nginx用户权限
chown -R nginx:nginx /var/cache/nginx /var/log/nginx

安装相关包

安装依赖库

• Yum 安装 GCC 、 GCC-C++ 、 C/C++ 语言编译环境

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make autoconf automake

• Yum 安装 Nginx 必须的依赖库

yum -y install zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel libxslt-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel gd-devel geoip-devel perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed libuuid-devel

编译安装 Nginx

• 下载并解压文件

（备用：https://blog.xiaoqy.com/pub/packages/nginx/nginx-1.19.10.tar.gz）
wget -P '/usr/local/src' http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.19.10.tar.gz \
&& cd /usr/local/src \
&& tar -zxvf nginx-1.19.10.tar.gz -C '/usr/local/src' \
&& cd nginx-1.19.10

• 预编译

./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid  \
--lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp \
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp \
--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_v2_module \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_addition_module \
--with-http_sub_module \
--with-http_dav_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_mp4_module \
--with-http_gunzip_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_perl_module \
--with-http_random_index_module \
--with-http_secure_link_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_auth_request_module \
--with-http_image_filter_module \
--with-http_slice_module \
--with-pcre \
--with-pcre-jit \
--with-debug \
--with-mail \
--with-mail_ssl_module \
--with-stream \
--with-stream_ssl_module \
--with-threads \
--with-file-aio

• 编译并安装

make && make install

配置 Nginx

• 备份 nginx.conf 配置源文件

cp /etc/nginx/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf.old

• 修改文件 nginx.conf ，设置 user 参数如下： user nginx;

sed -i 's/^#user\s\+nobody;$/user\ nginx;/g' /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

• 设置 Nginx 为系统服务

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

添加以下内容：

[Unit]
Description=Nginx Web Server
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/usr/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/sbin/nginx -s quit
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

• 设置 Nginx 为自启动并启动服务

systemctl enable nginx.service && systemctl start nginx.service

• 查询 Nginx 状态

systemctl status nginx.service

# 或者
ps -ef | grep nginx
netstat -anp | grep nginx

• 修改 nginx 配置文件

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

修改内容如下：

# 运行用户
user  nginx;

# 启动进程, 通常设置成和cpu的数据相等
worker_processes  1;

# 全局错误日志及PID文件
#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;

# 工作模式及连接数上限
events {

    use epoll;

    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    tcp_nodelay     on;

    gzip  on;
    gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]";

    client_header_buffer_size   128k;
    large_client_header_buffers  4 128k;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.xiaoqy.com;


        #charset koi8-r;

        access_log  logs/nginx.dev.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   /data/www/html;
            index  index.php index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   /data/www/html;
        }

    location ~ ^/(images|javascript|js|css|flash|media|static)/ {

        expires 30d;
    }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        location ~ /\.ht {
            deny  all;
        }
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

• CentOS 添加开放端口

# 加入开放端口到配置文件
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent

    # 添加时区
    --zone=public 

    # 添加端口
    --add-port=80/tcp

    # 永久生效
    --permanent 

# 加载防火墙新配置文件( 以root身份输入以下命令，重新加载防火墙，并不中断用户连接，即不丢失状态信息. )
firewall-cmd --reload

作者：白小七羽
原文链接：https://blog.xiaoqy.com/143.html