View的measure流程

View的工作主要涉及三个方法，measure、layout和draw。measure用来测量View的宽高，layout用来确定View的位置，draw则用来绘制View。measure流程分为View的measure流程和ViewGroup的measure流程，ViewGroup的measure流程除了要完成自己的测量还要去遍历调用子元素的measure()方法。

1.View的measure流程

frameworks\base\core\java\android\view\View.java

    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        setMeasuredDimension(getDefaultSize(getSuggestedMinimumWidth(), widthMeasureSpec),
                getDefaultSize(getSuggestedMinimumHeight(), heightMeasureSpec));
    }

    protected final void setMeasuredDimension(int measuredWidth, int measuredHeight) {
        boolean optical = isLayoutModeOptical(this);
        if (optical != isLayoutModeOptical(mParent)) {
            Insets insets = getOpticalInsets();
            int opticalWidth  = insets.left + insets.right;
            int opticalHeight = insets.top  + insets.bottom;

            measuredWidth  += optical ? opticalWidth  : -opticalWidth;
            measuredHeight += optical ? opticalHeight : -opticalHeight;
        }
        setMeasuredDimensionRaw(measuredWidth, measuredHeight);
    }

    public static int getDefaultSize(int size, int measureSpec) {
        int result = size;
        int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec);
        int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec);

        switch (specMode) {
        case MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED:
            result = size;
            break;
        case MeasureSpec.AT_MOST:
        case MeasureSpec.EXACTLY:
            result = specSize;
            break;
        }
        return result;
    }

MeasureSpec类帮助我们来测量View，它是一个32位的int值，高两位为specMode （测量的模式），低30位为specSize （测量的大小），测量模式分为三种：

• UNSPECIFIED：未指定模式，View想多大就多大，父容器不做限制，一般用于系统内部的测量。
• AT_MOST：最大模式，对应于wrap_comtent属性，只要尺寸不超过父控件允许的最大尺寸就行。
• EXACTLY：精确模式，对应于match_parent属性和具体的数值，父容器测量出View所需要的大小，也就是specSize的值。

getSuggestedMinimumWidth()方法如下：

如果View没有设置背景则取值为mMinWidth，mMinWidth是可以设置的，它对应于android:minWidth这个属性设置的值或者View的setMinimumWidth的值，如果不指定的话默认为0

如果View设置了背景，则取值为max(mMinWidth, mBackground.getMinimumWidth())，mBackground.getMinimumWidth()，这个mBackground是Drawable类型的，看一下Drawable类的getMinimumWidth()方法

    protected int getSuggestedMinimumWidth() {
        return (mBackground == null) ? mMinWidth : max(mMinWidth, mBackground.getMinimumWidth());
    }

mMinWidth = a.getDimensionPixelSize(attr, 0);

frameworks\base\graphics\java\android\graphics\drawable\Drawable.java

    public int getMinimumWidth() {
        final int intrinsicWidth = getIntrinsicWidth();
        return intrinsicWidth > 0 ? intrinsicWidth : 0;
    }

 intrinsicWidth得到的是这个Drawable的固有的宽度，如果固有宽度大于0则返回固有宽度，否则返回0。

总结一下getSuggestedMinimumWidth()方法就是：如果View没有设置背景则返回mMinWidth ，如果设置了背景就返回mMinWidth 和Drawable最小宽度两个值的最大值。

2.ViewGroup的measure流程 

ViewGroup中没有定义onMeasure()方法，定义了measureChildren()方法

frameworks\base\core\java\android\view\ViewGroup.java

    protected void measureChildren(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        final int size = mChildrenCount;
        final View[] children = mChildren;
        for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
            final View child = children[i];
            if ((child.mViewFlags & VISIBILITY_MASK) != GONE) {
                measureChild(child, widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
            }
       

    protected void measureChild(View child, int parentWidthMeasureSpec,
            int parentHeightMeasureSpec) {
        final LayoutParams lp = child.getLayoutParams();

        final int childWidthMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentWidthMeasureSpec,
                mPaddingLeft + mPaddingRight, lp.width);
        final int childHeightMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentHeightMeasureSpec,
                mPaddingTop + mPaddingBottom, lp.height);

        child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
    }

    public static int getChildMeasureSpec(int spec, int padding, int childDimension) {
        int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(spec);
        int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(spec);

        int size = Math.max(0, specSize - padding);

        int resultSize = 0;
        int resultMode = 0;

        switch (specMode) {
        // Parent has imposed an exact size on us
        case MeasureSpec.EXACTLY:
            if (childDimension >= 0) {
                resultSize = childDimension;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;
            } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {
                // Child wants to be our size. So be it.
                resultSize = size;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;
            } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {
                // Child wants to determine its own size. It can't be
                // bigger than us.
                resultSize = size;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST;
            }
            break;

        // Parent has imposed a maximum size on us
        case MeasureSpec.AT_MOST:
            if (childDimension >= 0) {
                // Child wants a specific size... so be it
                resultSize = childDimension;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;
            } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {
                // Child wants to be our size, but our size is not fixed.
                // Constrain child to not be bigger than us.
                resultSize = size;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST;
            } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {
                // Child wants to determine its own size. It can't be
                // bigger than us.
                resultSize = size;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST;
            }
            break;

        // Parent asked to see how big we want to be
        case MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED:
            if (childDimension >= 0) {
                // Child wants a specific size... let him have it
                resultSize = childDimension;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;
            } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {
                // Child wants to be our size... find out how big it should
                // be
                resultSize = View.sUseZeroUnspecifiedMeasureSpec ? 0 : size;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED;
            } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {
                // Child wants to determine its own size.... find out how
                // big it should be
                resultSize = View.sUseZeroUnspecifiedMeasureSpec ? 0 : size;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED;
            }
            break;
        }
        //noinspection ResourceType
        return MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(resultSize, resultMode);
    }

很显然这是根据父容器的MeasureSpec的模式再结合子元素的LayoutParams属性来得出子元素的MeasureSpec属性，有一点需要注意的是如果父容器的MeasureSpec属性为AT_MOST，子元素的LayoutParams属性为WRAP_CONTENT，那根据代码我们会发现子元素的MeasureSpec属性也为AT_MOST，它的specSize值为父容器的specSize减去padding的值，也就是说跟这个子元素设置LayoutParams属性为MATCH_PARENT效果是一样的，为了解决这个问题需要在LayoutParams属性为WRAP_CONTENT时指定一下默认的宽和高。

ViewGroup模式	确切数字	MATCH_PARENT	WRAP_CONTENT
MeasureSpec.EXACTLY	确切数字 MeasureSpec.EXACTLY	parent大小-padding MeasureSpec.EXACTLY	parent大小-padding MeasureSpec.AT_MOST
MeasureSpec.AT_MOST	确切数字 MeasureSpec.EXACTLY	parent大小-padding MeasureSpec.AT_MOST	parent大小-padding MeasureSpec.AT_MOST
MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED	确切数字 MeasureSpec.EXACTLY	MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED	MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED