一、何为Sqlite
SQLite是D.Richard Hipp用C语言编写的开源嵌入式数据库引擎,它是一款轻型的数据库,是遵守ACID的关系型数据库管理系统,它的设计目标是嵌入式的,而且由于其占用资源低(占用内存只需几百K)、处理速度快等特点,目前许多嵌入式产品中都使用了它,其中就包括大名鼎鼎的iOS和Android移动操作系统。SQLite能够支持Windows/Linux/Unix等等主流的操作系统,同时能够跟很多程序语言相结合,比如 Tcl、C#、PHP、Java等,还有ODBC接口,同样比起Mysql、PostgreSQL这两款开源世界著名的数据库管理系统来讲,它的处理速度比他们都快
二、特点
1.轻量级
使用 SQLite 只需要带一个动态库,就可以享受它的全部功能,而且那个动态库的尺寸相当小。
2.独立性
SQLite 数据库的核心引擎不需要依赖第三方软件,也不需要所谓的“安装”。
3.隔离性
SQLite 数据库中所有的信息(比如表、视图、触发器等)都包含在一个文件夹内,方便管理和维护。
4.跨平台
SQLite 目前支持大部分操作系统,不至电脑操作系统更在众多的手机系统也是能够运行,比如:Android和IOS。
5.多语言接口
SQLite 数据库支持多语言编程接口。
6.安全性
SQLite 数据库通过数据库级上的独占性和共享锁来实现独立事务处理。这意味着多个进程可以在同一时间从同一数据库读取数据,但只能有一个可以写入数据。
三、常用方法
openOrCreateDatabase(String path,SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory)
打开或创建数据库
insert(String table,String nullColumnHack,ContentValues values)
插入一条记录
delete(String table,String whereClause,String[] whereArgs)
删除一条记录
query(String table,String[] columns,String selection,String[] selectionArgs,String groupBy,String having,String orderBy)
查询一条记录
update(String table,ContentValues values,String whereClause,String[] whereArgs)
修改记录
execSQL(String sql)
执行一条SQL语句
close()
关闭数据库
四、实例
简单了解过后我们通过一个实例来深入的了解一下
该实例大致要实现的是:查询商品的信息并通过ListView展示出来 可以对商品价格进行修改并且可以删除某一条商品的信息
1、布局
首先创建一个item.xml文件作为ListView的显示页面
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<TextView
android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
android:id="@+id/num"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="1"
android:textSize="25sp"
/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv_name"
android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="毛巾"
android:textSize="25sp"
android:layout_weight="1"
/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv_price"
android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="12"
android:textSize="25sp"
android:layout_weight="1"
/>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical">
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/up"
android:layout_width="20dp"
android:layout_height="20dp"
android:src="@drawable/up_arrow"/>
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/down"
android:layout_width="20dp"
android:layout_height="20dp"
android:src="@drawable/down_arrow"/>
</LinearLayout>
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/garbage"
android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="5dp"
android:layout_width="30dp"
android:layout_height="30dp"
android:src="@drawable/garbage"/>
</LinearLayout>
2.activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/activity_main"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
tools:context="com.example.bz0209.shop_manager.MainActivity">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/title1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Please Input"
android:textSize="20sp"
/>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_below="@+id/title1"
android:id="@+id/info"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<EditText
android:id="@+id/et_name"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="Name"
android:layout_weight="1"/>
<EditText
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="Price"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:id="@+id/et_price" />
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/add"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:layout_width="40dp"
android:layout_height="40dp"
android:src="@drawable/add"
/>
</LinearLayout>
<ListView
android:id="@+id/lv_item"
android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
android:layout_below="@+id/info"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
</ListView>
</RelativeLayout>
3.相关类的编写
- 实体类 Account(信息类)
/**
* Created by Administrator on 2017/4/13.
*/
public class Account {
private long id;
private String name;
private int price;
public Account(long id, String name, int price) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.price = price;
}
public Account(String name, int price) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.price = price;
}
public Account() {
super();
}
public long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(int price) {
this.price = price;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Account{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", price=" + price +
'}';
}
}
2、Myhelper数据库帮助类
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.DatabaseErrorHandler;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
/**
* Created by Administrator on 2017/4/13.
*/
public class MyHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
public MyHelper(Context context) {
super(context,"item.db",null,2);
}
@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase) {
System.out.println("DB Est");
String sql="create table account (id int primary key,name varchar(20),price int)";
sqLiteDatabase.execSQL(sql);
}
@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase, int ov, int nv) {
System.out.println("DB Upgrade !");
}
}
3、操作类
public class AccountManager {
private MyHelper myHelper;
public AccountManager(Context context){
myHelper=new MyHelper(context);
}
public void Insert(Account account){
SQLiteDatabase db=myHelper.getWritableDatabase();
ContentValues values=new ContentValues();
values.put("name",account.getName());
values.put("price",account.getPrice());
long id=db.insert("account",null,values);
account.setId(id);
}
public int Delete(long id){
SQLiteDatabase db=myHelper.getWritableDatabase();
int count=db.delete("account","id=?",new String[]{id+""});
db.close();
Log.i("--------->","SSSS");
return count;
}
public int Update(Account account){
SQLiteDatabase db= myHelper.getWritableDatabase();
ContentValues values =new ContentValues();
values.put("name",account.getName());
values.put("price",account.getPrice());
int count=db.delete("account","id=?",new String[] {account.getId()+""});
db.close();
return count;
}
public List<Account> Query(){
SQLiteDatabase db= myHelper.getReadableDatabase();
Cursor cursor =db.query("account",null,null,null,null,null,"price DESC");
List<Account> list =new ArrayList<Account>();
while(cursor.moveToNext()){
long id =cursor.getLong(cursor.getColumnIndex("id"));
String name =cursor.getString(1);
int price=cursor.getInt(2);
list.add(new Account(id,name,price));
}
cursor.close();
db.close();
return list;
}
}
4、ManinActivity.java
mport android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Adapter;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.util.List;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private List<Account> list;
private AccountManager accountManager;
EditText et_name;
EditText et_price;
TextView destory;
private MyAdapter myAdapter;
private ListView listView;
ImageView button;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
listView=(ListView)findViewById(R.id.lv_item);
et_name=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.et_name);
et_price=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.et_price);
button=(ImageView) findViewById(R.id.add);
destory=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.title1);
destory.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
}
});
button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
String name=et_name.getText().toString().trim();
String price=et_price.getText().toString().trim();
Account a=new Account(name,price.equals("")?0:Integer.parseInt(price));
accountManager.Insert(a);
list.add(a);
myAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
listView.setSelection(listView.getCount()-1);
et_name.setText("");
et_price.setText("");
}
});
listView.setOnItemClickListener(new MyOnClickListener());
accountManager=new AccountManager(this);
list=accountManager.Query();
myAdapter=new MyAdapter();
listView.setAdapter(myAdapter);
}
private class MyOnClickListener implements AdapterView.OnItemClickListener{
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> adapterView, View view, int position, long id) {
Account a =(Account)adapterView.getItemAtPosition(position);
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),a.toString(),Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
private class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
@Override
public int getCount() {
return list.size();
}
@Override
public Object getItem(int position) {
return list.get(position);
}
@Override
public long getItemId(int position) {
return position;
}
@Override
public View getView(int position, View view, ViewGroup viewGroup) {
View item=view!=null?view:View.inflate(getApplicationContext(),R.layout.item,null);
TextView idTV=(TextView)item.findViewById(R.id.num);
TextView nameTV=(TextView)item.findViewById(R.id.tv_name);
TextView priceTV=(TextView)item.findViewById(R.id.tv_price);
final Account a=list.get(position);
idTV.setText(position+1+"");
nameTV.setText(a.getName()+"");
priceTV.setText(a.getPrice()+"");
ImageView iv_up,iv_down,iv_gar;
iv_up=(ImageView)item.findViewById(R.id.up);
iv_down=(ImageView)item.findViewById(R.id.down);
iv_gar=(ImageView)item.findViewById(R.id.garbage);
iv_up.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
Log.i("-------->","aa");
a.setPrice(a.getPrice()+1);
notifyDataSetChanged();
accountManager.Update(a);
}
});
iv_down.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
Log.i("-------->","bb");
a.setPrice(a.getPrice()-1);
notifyDataSetChanged();
accountManager.Update(a);
}
});
iv_gar.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
AlertDialog.Builder builder =new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
builder.setTitle("Waring");
builder.setMessage("This operate will NOT be canceled,would you like Continue?");
builder.setPositiveButton("Confirm", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
//执行删除方法
list.remove(a);
accountManager.Delete(a.getId());
notifyDataSetChanged();
dialogInterface.dismiss();
}
});
builder.setNegativeButton("Cancel", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
dialogInterface.dismiss();
}
});
//勿忘最后一定要create&show!
builder.create().show();
}
});
return item;
}
}
}
最终效果图