2015年8月21日
SDWebImage的使用
一、下载SDWebImage,导入工程。
github托管地址https://github.com/rs/SDWebImage
二、导入头文件
#import "UIImageView+WebCache.h"
三、图片缓存方法
(1)、
- (void)setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url;
例如:
[imageView setImageWithURL:url]
(2)、
- (void)sd_setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url completed:(SDWebImageCompletionBlock)completedBlock
例如:
//用block 可以在图片加载完成之后做些事情
[imageView sd_setImageWithURL:url completed:^(UIImage *image, NSError *error, SDImageCacheType cacheType, NSURL *imageURL) {
NSLog(@"这里可以在图片加载完成之后做些事情");
}];
(3)、
- (void)sd_setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url placeholderImage:(UIImage *)placeholder;
例如:
//给一张默认图片,先使用默认图片,当图片加载完成后再替换
[imageView sd_setImageWithURL:url placeholderImage:image];
(4)、
- (void)sd_setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url placeholderImage:(UIImage *)placeholder completed:(SDWebImageCompletionBlock)completedBlock
例如:
//使用默认图片,而且用block 在完成后做一些事情
[imageView sd_setImageWithURL:url placeholderImage:image completed:^(UIImage *image, NSError *error, SDImageCacheType cacheType, NSURL *imageURL) {
NSLog(@"这里可以在图片加载完成之后做些事情");
}];
(5)、
- (void)sd_setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url placeholderImage:(UIImage *)placeholder options:(SDWebImageOptions)options
例如:
//options选择方式
[imageView sd_setImageWithURL:url placeholderImage:image options: SDWebImageCacheMemoryOnly];
注释:其中options是选择方式,其是个枚举值 SDWebImageOptions,具体下面介绍;
四、options所有选项
(1)、
/**
* By default, when a URL fail to be downloaded, the URL is blacklisted so the library won't keep trying.
* This flag disable this blacklisting.
*/
SDWebImageRetryFailed = 1 << 0,
//默认情况下,如果一个url在下载的时候失败了,那么这个url会被加入黑名单并且library不会尝试再次下载,这个flag会阻止library把失败的url加入黑名单(简单来说如果选择了这个flag,那么即使某个url下载失败了,sdwebimage还是会尝试再次下载它)。
(2)、
/**
* By default, image downloads are started during UI interactions, this flags disable this feature,
* leading to delayed download on UIScrollView deceleration for instance.
*/
SDWebImageLowPriority = 1 << 1,
//默认情况下,图片会在交互发生的时候下载(例如你滑动tableview的时候),这个flag会禁止这个特性,导致的结果就是在scrollview减速的时候才会开始下载(也就是你滑动的时候scrollview不下载,你手从屏幕上移走,scrollview开始减速的时候才会下载图片)。
(3)、
/**
* This flag disables on-disk caching
*/
SDWebImageCacheMemoryOnly = 1 << 2,
//这个flag禁止磁盘缓存,只有内存缓存
(4)、
/**
* This flag enables progressive download, the image is displayed progressively during download as a browser would do.
* By default, the image is only displayed once completely downloaded.
*/
SDWebImageProgressiveDownload = 1 << 3
//这个flag会在图片下载的时候显示(就像你用浏览器浏览网页的时候那种图片下载,一截一截的显示(待确认))
(5)、
/**
* Even if the image is cached, respect the HTTP response cache control, and refresh the image from remote location if needed.
* The disk caching will be handled by NSURLCache instead of SDWebImage leading to slight performance degradation.
* This option helps deal with images changing behind the same request URL, e.g. Facebook graph api profile pics.
* If a cached image is refreshed, the completion block is called once with the cached image and again with the final image.
* Use this flag only if you can't make your URLs static with embedded cache busting parameter.
*/
SDWebImageRefreshCached = 1 << 4
(6)、
/**
* In iOS 4+, continue the download of the image if the app goes to background. This is achieved by asking the system for
* extra time in background to let the request finish. If the background task expires the operation will be cancelled.
*/
SDWebImageContinueInBackground = 1 << 5
(7)、
/**
* Handles cookies stored in NSHTTPCookieStore by setting
* NSMutableURLRequest.HTTPShouldHandleCookies = YES;
*/
SDWebImageHandleCookies = 1 << 6
(8)、
/**
* Enable to allow untrusted SSL certificates.
* Useful for testing purposes. Use with caution in production.
*/
SDWebImageAllowInvalidSSLCertificates = 1 << 7
(9)、
/**
* By default, image are loaded in the order they were queued. This flag move them to
* the front of the queue and is loaded immediately instead of waiting for the current queue to be loaded (which
* could take a while).
*/
SDWebImageHighPriority = 1 << 8
(10)、
/**
* By default, placeholder images are loaded while the image is loading. This flag will delay the loading
* of the placeholder image until after the image has finished loading.
*/
SDWebImageDelayPlaceholder = 1 << 9
(11)、
/**
* We usually don't call transformDownloadedImage delegate method on animated images,
* as most transformation code would mangle it.
* Use this flag to transform them anyway.
*/
SDWebImageTransformAnimatedImage = 1 << 10
(12)、
/**
* By default, image is added to the imageView after download. But in some cases, we want to
* have the hand before setting the image (apply a filter or add it with cross-fade animation for instance)
* Use this flag if you want to manually set the image in the completion when success
*/
SDWebImageAvoidAutoSetImage = 1 << 11
四、SDWebImage内部实现过程
- (1)、入口setImageWithURL:placeholderImage:options:会先把placeholderImage显示,然后SDWebImageManager根据URL开始处理图片;
- (2)、进入SDWebImageManager-downloadWithURL:delegate:options:userInfo:,交给SDImageCache从缓存查找图片是否已经下下载,queryDiskCacheForKey:delegate:userInfo:;
- (3)、先从内存图片缓存查找是否有图片,如果内存中已经有图片缓存,SDImageCacheDelegate回调imageCache:didFindImage:forKey:userInfo:到SDWebImageManager;
- (4)、SDWebImageManagerDelegate回到webImageManager:didFinishWithImage:到UIImageView+WebCache等前端展示图片;
- (5)、如果内存缓存中没有,生成NSInvocationOperation添加到队列开始从硬盘查找图片是否已经缓存;
- (6)、根据URLKey在硬盘缓存目录下尝试读取图片文件。这一步是在NSOperation进行的操作,所有回主线程进行结果回调notifyDelegate;
- (7)、如果上一操作从硬盘读取到了图片,将图片添加到内存缓存中(如果空闲内存过小,会先清空内存缓存)。SDImageCacheDelegate回调imageCache:didFindImage:forKey:userInfo:。进而回调显示图片;
- (8)、如果从硬盘缓存目录读取不到图片,说明所有缓存都不存在该图片,需要下载图片,回调imageCache:didiNotFindImageForKey:userInfo:;
- (9)、共享或重新生成一个下载器SDWebImageDownloader开始下载图片;
- (10)、图片下载由NSURLConnection来做,实现相关delegate来判断图片下载中、下载完成和下载失败;
- (11)、connection:didReceiveDate:中利用ImageIO做了按图片下载进度加载效果;
- (12)、connectionDidFinishLoading:数据下载完成后交给SDWebImageDecoder做图片解码处理;
- (13)、图片解码处理在一个NSOperationQueue完成,不会拖慢主线程UI。如果有需要对下载的图片进行二次处理,最好也在这里完成,效果会好很多;
- (14)、在主线程notifyDelegateOnMainThreadWithInfo:宣告解码完成,imageDecoder:didFinishDecodingImage:userInfo:回调给SDWebImageDownloader;
- (15)、imageDownloader:didFinishWithImage:回调给SDWebImageManager告知图片下载完成;
- (16)、通知所有的downloadDelegates下载完成,回调给需要的地方显示图片;
- (17)、将图片保存到SDImageCache中,内存缓存和硬盘缓存同时存在。写问及那到硬盘也可以单独NSInvocationOperation完成,避免拖慢主线程;
- (18)、SDImageCache在初始化的时候会注册一些消息通知,在内存警告或推到后台的时候清理内存图片缓存,应用结束的时候清理过期图片;
- (19)、SDWI也提供了UIButton+WebCache和MKAnnotation+WebCache,方便使用;
- (20)、SDWebImagePrefetcher可以预先下载图片,方便后续使用。
五、获取图片下载过程
NSURL* imagePath = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://pic31.nipic.com/20130723/12096623_135908542182_2.jpg"];
//覆盖方法,指哪打哪,这个方法是下载imagePath2的时候响应
SDWebImageManager *manager = [SDWebImageManager sharedManager];
[manager downloadImageWithURL:imagePath options:SDWebImageRetryFailed progress:^(NSInteger receivedSize, NSInteger expectedSize) {
NSLog(@"显示当前进度%ld--%ld",receivedSize,expectedSize);
} completed:^(UIImage *image, NSError *error, SDImageCacheType cacheType, BOOL finished, NSURL *imageURL) {
NSLog(@"下载完成");
}];
六、清除缓存
1、清除硬盘缓存
[[SDImageCache sharedImageCache]clearDisk];
2、清除内存缓存
[[SDImageCache sharedImageCache]clearMemory];