C++常见功能小函数

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已于 2024-05-26 14:27:43 修改

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分类专栏： C++ 文章标签： linux struct

于 2020-03-08 18:15:47 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xiaoxiaoyu85/article/details/7827349

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    //系统授权时间校验
    time_t tmpTime = time(NULL);
    if (tmpTime > (1615948779 + 3600)){
        MessageBox(L"授权到期，请联系开发者！");
        exit(0);
    
    }

1. 获得当前系统启动以来的时间

#include <time.h>

unsigned long GetTickCount()
{
struct timespec ts;
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts); //CLOCK_MONOTONIC 不会受系统时间改变影响
return (ts.tv_sec * 1000 + ts.tv_nsec / 1000000);

}

如果编译不过加 -lrt

2. 获得系统时间，精确到毫秒级(查了半天资料，windows的孩子转Linux伤不起啊，后来测试发现gettimeofday是有“时间倒流” 现象的，晕死)

void GetLoclTime(char * szTimeBuf)
{
struct timeval tv;
struct tm *tm;
gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
tm = localtime(&tv.tv_sec);
sprintf(szTimeBuf, "%04d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d:%03d", tm->tm_year + 1900, tm->tm_mon + 1, tm->tm_mday, tm->tm_hour, tm->tm_min,
tm->tm_sec, tv.tv_usec/1000);

}

3.printf()中的占位符

%llu unsinged long long

%lld long long

%lu unsinged long

%ld long

4.判断一个数是否是偶数

利用2进制进行判断，奇数的最低位一定是1，而偶数的最低位一定是0.所以我们可以根据这个特性，让需要判定的整数和1进行“与”运算，这样就只留下了原数的最低位，然后直接判断这个数等于1还是等于0即可

if ( (num & 0x1) == 0 )

{

puts ( "偶数" );

}

else

{

puts ( "奇数" );

}

5.从CString得到字符数组，避免每次都要ReleaseBuffer()

bool GetTextFromCString(CString srcStr, char *pszDesBuf, int iDesBufLen)
 {
  int iSrcStrLen = srcStr.GetLength();
  if (iSrcStrLen > (iDesBufLen - 1))
  {
   MessageBox(NULL, "Des buf is short then CString len!", "Error", MB_OK);
   return false;
  }
  memset(pszDesBuf, '\0', iDesBufLen);
  memcpy(pszDesBuf, srcStr.GetBuffer(), iSrcStrLen);
  srcStr.ReleaseBuffer();
  return true;
 }

6. 精确到毫秒级时间统计

class CTimeCount
{
public:
CTimeCount()
{
  QueryPerformanceFrequency((LARGE_INTEGER*)&m_dwFrequency);
  QueryPerformanceCounter((LARGE_INTEGER*)&m_dwStartTime);//开始时间
}
float Span()
{
  QueryPerformanceCounter((LARGE_INTEGER*)&m_dwCurTime);//结束时间
  double dwSpan = (double)(m_dwCurTime - m_dwStartTime) / (double)m_dwFrequency;
  float fSpan = dwSpan * 1000;
  return fSpan;
}
void ReSet()
{
  QueryPerformanceCounter((LARGE_INTEGER*)&m_dwStartTime);//开始时间
}
private:
__int64   m_dwFrequency;
__int64   m_dwStartTime;
__int64   m_dwCurTime;
};

7. 判断是否为汉字

在ANSI C标准中一个汉字由两个字节组成，判断一个字符是否为汉字就是判断第一个字节的最高位是否为1。可以通过char a[i]&0x80来进行比较

int level = 3;
char* str = "小鱼85";

const char *tmp = str;
while(level-- && *tmp ){
  if((*tmp) & 0x80 )
  {
   tmp++;
  }
  tmp++;
}

8.按行读取文件(中间有空行也是支持的)

void ReadData()
{
ifstream fin("C:\\windows\\system.ini");
string s;
   int i = 0;
while( getline(fin,s) )
{
       i++;
       char szBuf[8] = {'\0'};
       sprintf(szBuf, "%d:", i);
cout << szBuf << s << endl;
}

}

9.判断字符串是否整数

bool BeInt(string s)
{
   stringstream sin(s);
   int t;
   char p;
   if(!(sin >> t))

return false;
if(sin >> p)

       return false;
   else
       return true;
}

10.用16进制打印内存

string GetBufHex(const char* buf, size_t len)
{
   string strHex = "";
//printf("The Hex output of data :/n/t0x");
for(size_t i=0; i<len; ++i)
{
       char szBuf[4] = {'\0'};
unsigned char c = buf[i]; // must use unsigned char to print >128 value
if( c< 16)
{
           sprintf(szBuf, " 0%x",c);
//printf("0%x", c);
}
else
{
           sprintf(szBuf, " %x", c);
//printf("%x", c);
}
       string strData = szBuf;
       strHex += strData;
}
   return strHex;
//printf("/n");
}

urlencode

unsigned char ToHex(unsigned char x) 
{ 
    return  x > 9 ? x + 55 : x + 48; 
}

unsigned char FromHex(unsigned char x) 
{ 
    unsigned char y;
    if (x >= 'A' && x <= 'Z') y = x - 'A' + 10;
    else if (x >= 'a' && x <= 'z') y = x - 'a' + 10;
    else if (x >= '0' && x <= '9') y = x - '0';
    else assert(0);
    return y;
}

std::string UrlEncode(const std::string& str)
{
    std::string strTemp = "";
    size_t length = str.length();
    for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++)
    {
        if (isalnum((unsigned char)str[i]) || 
            (str[i] == '-') ||
            (str[i] == '_') || 
            (str[i] == '.') || 
            (str[i] == '~'))
            strTemp += str[i];
        else if (str[i] == ' ')
            strTemp += "+";
        else
        {
            strTemp += '%';
            strTemp += ToHex((unsigned char)str[i] >> 4);
            strTemp += ToHex((unsigned char)str[i] % 16);
        }
    }
    return strTemp;
}

std::string UrlDecode(const std::string& str)
{
    std::string strTemp = "";
    size_t length = str.length();
    for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++)
    {
        if (str[i] == '+') strTemp += ' ';
        else if (str[i] == '%')
        {
            assert(i + 2 < length);
            unsigned char high = FromHex((unsigned char)str[++i]);
            unsigned char low = FromHex((unsigned char)str[++i]);
            strTemp += high*16 + low;
        }
        else strTemp += str[i];
    }
    return strTemp;
}

int main()
{
	string strUrl = UrlEncode("http://baidu.com/users/xiao+?/@小雨");
	cout << strUrl << endl;	
    char ch;
    cin >> ch;
}

base64 编解码

//因为有换行符，所以编码之后，js无法正常解析，要去掉换行符
string Base64Encode(const char* Data,int DataByte)
{
	//编码表
	const char EncodeTable[]="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
	//返回值
	string strEncode;
	unsigned char Tmp[4]={0};
	int LineLength=0;
	for(int i=0;i<(int)(DataByte / 3);i++)
	{
		Tmp[1] = *Data++;
		Tmp[2] = *Data++;
		Tmp[3] = *Data++;
		strEncode+= EncodeTable[Tmp[1] >> 2];
		strEncode+= EncodeTable[((Tmp[1] << 4) | (Tmp[2] >> 4)) & 0x3F];
		strEncode+= EncodeTable[((Tmp[2] << 2) | (Tmp[3] >> 6)) & 0x3F];
		strEncode+= EncodeTable[Tmp[3] & 0x3F];
		if(LineLength+=4,LineLength==76) 
		{
			strEncode+="\r\n";
			LineLength=0;
		}
	}
	//对剩余数据进行编码
	int Mod=DataByte % 3;
	if(Mod==1)
	{
		Tmp[1] = *Data++;
		strEncode+= EncodeTable[(Tmp[1] & 0xFC) >> 2];
		strEncode+= EncodeTable[((Tmp[1] & 0x03) << 4)];
		strEncode+= "==";
	}
	else if(Mod==2)
	{
		Tmp[1] = *Data++;
		Tmp[2] = *Data++;
		strEncode+= EncodeTable[(Tmp[1] & 0xFC) >> 2];
		strEncode+= EncodeTable[((Tmp[1] & 0x03) << 4) | ((Tmp[2] & 0xF0) >> 4)];
		strEncode+= EncodeTable[((Tmp[2] & 0x0F) << 2)];
		strEncode+= "=";
	}
	return strEncode;
}

string Base64Decode(const char* Data,int DataByte,int& OutByte)
{
	OutByte = 0;
	//解码表
	const char DecodeTable[] =
	{
		0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
		0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
		62, // '+'
		0, 0, 0,
		63, // '/'
		52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, // '0'-'9'
		0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
		0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12,
		13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, // 'A'-'Z'
		0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
		26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38,
		39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, // 'a'-'z'
	};
	//返回值
	string strDecode;
	unsigned int nValue;
	unsigned int i= 0;
	unsigned char Tmp;
	while (i < DataByte)
	{
		if (*Data != '\r' && *Data!='\n')
		{
			nValue = DecodeTable[*Data++] << 18;
			nValue += DecodeTable[*Data++] << 12;
			Tmp=(((nValue & 0x00FF0000) >> 16) + 256)%256 ;
			strDecode+= Tmp;
			OutByte++;
			if (*Data != '=')
			{
				nValue += DecodeTable[*Data++] << 6;
				Tmp=(((nValue & 0x0000FF00) >> 8) + 256)%256 ;
				strDecode+= Tmp;
				OutByte++;
				if (*Data != '=')
				{
					nValue += DecodeTable[*Data++];
					Tmp=((nValue & 0x000000FF) + 256)%256 ;
					strDecode+= Tmp;
					OutByte++;
				}
			}
			i += 4;
		}
		else// 回车换行,跳过
		{
			Data++;
			i++;
		}
	}
	return strDecode;
}

char转二进制字符串

void convert(unsigned char c, char* out) {
    for (int i = 0; i<8; i++) {
        *(out + i) = (c & (0x80 >> i)) == 0 ? 0x30 : 0x31;
    }
}

char ch = '1';
char szValue[9] = { '\0' };
convert(ch, szValue);

遍历文件夹下的所有文件

void GetFiles( string path, vector<string>& files )
{
    //文件句柄
    long   hFile ;
    //文件信息
    struct _finddata_t fileinfo;
    string p;
    if((hFile = _findfirst(p.assign(path).append("\\*").c_str(),&fileinfo)) !=  0)
    {
        do
        {
            //如果是目录,迭代之
            //如果不是,加入列表
            if((fileinfo.attrib &  _A_SUBDIR))
            {
                if(strcmp(fileinfo.name,".") != 0  &&  strcmp(fileinfo.name,"..") != 0)
                    getFiles( p.assign(path).append("\\").append(fileinfo.name), files );
            }
            else
            {
                files.push_back(p.assign(path).append("\\").append(fileinfo.name) );
                //if (fileinfo.name == "小鱼.txt")
                {
                    cout << p << "\\"  << fileinfo.name << endl;
                }
            }
        }while(_findnext(hFile, &fileinfo)  == 0);
        _findclose(hFile);
    }
}

std::string wstring2string(std::wstring wstr)
{
    std::string result;
    //获取缓冲区大小，并申请空间，缓冲区大小事按字节计算的  
    int len = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, wstr.c_str(), wstr.size(), NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
    char* buffer = new char[len + 1];
    //宽字节编码转换成多字节编码  
    WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, wstr.c_str(), wstr.size(), buffer, len, NULL, NULL);
    buffer[len] = '\0';
    //删除缓冲区并返回值  
    result.append(buffer);
    delete[] buffer;
    return result;
}


std::wstring string2wstring(std::string str)
{
	std::wstring result;
	//获取缓冲区大小，并申请空间，缓冲区大小按字符计算  
	int len = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, str.c_str(), str.size(), NULL, 0);
	TCHAR* buffer = new TCHAR[len + 1];
	//多字节编码转换成宽字节编码  
	MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, str.c_str(), str.size(), buffer, len);
	buffer[len] = '\0';             //添加字符串结尾  
	//删除缓冲区并返回值  
	result.append(buffer);
	delete[] buffer;
	return result;
}

获取当前exe文件所在路径

string GetExePath()
{
    TCHAR szPath[MAX_PATH];
    if (!GetModuleFileName(NULL, szPath, MAX_PATH))
    {
        printf("GetModuleFileName failed (%d)\n", GetLastError());
        return FALSE;
    }
    wstring wstrExePath(szPath);
    int iPos = wstrExePath.find_last_of('\\');
    wstrExePath = wstrExePath.substr(0, iPos);
    string strExePath = wstring2string(wstrExePath);
    return strExePath;
}

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C++常见功能小函数

1. 获得当前系统启动以来的时间#include <time.h>unsigned long GetTickCount(){struct timespec ts;clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts); //CLOCK_MONOTONIC 不会受系统时间改变影响return (ts.tv_sec * 1000 + ts.tv...
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