设计模式之（一）Factory模式

敏捷软件开发-原则、模式与实践

依赖倒置原则（DIP）说的是任何类都应依赖于抽象类，避免依赖于具体类。

Circle c = new Circle(r);

Circle是一个具体类，所以创建Circle的势力都违反了DIP。很多具体类都是

非常易变的，依赖于他们会带来问题。这就用到了Factory模式，factory模式

允许只依赖于抽象接口就能创建具体对象的实例。

下面是个具体的例子

//Client.java

package com.factory;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import org.junit.Test;
public class Client {
@Test
public void testFactory() {
ShapeFactory sf = new ShapeFactoryImpl();
Shape s = sf.make("Circle");
assertTrue(s instanceof Circle);
}
}

//ShapeFactory.java

package com.factory;
public interface ShapeFactory {
Shape make(String shapeName);
}

//Shape.java

package com.factory;
public abstract class Shape {
}

//Circle.java

package com.factory;
public class Circle extends Shape {
}

//ShapeFactoryImpl .java

package com.factory;
public class ShapeFactoryImpl implements ShapeFactory {
@Override
public Shape make(String shapeName) {
if(shapeName.equals("Circle")) {
return new Circle();
} else {
return null;
}
}
}