数据库操作

该文详细介绍了如何在Linux系统中下载并安装MySQL57,设置root用户密码,调整密码策略至低风险,并允许root用户从任何地址访问。过程中遇到validate_password插件未激活的问题,通过安装插件并设置相关变量来解决。
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下载数据库

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

安装 MySQL

sudo rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

安装mysql服务

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
sudo yum -y install mysql-server

启动 mysql 服务


sudo systemctl start mysqld

查看 mysql 服务状态


systemctl status mysqld.service

修改 mysql 数据库密码:


mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Ab123456';

把MySQL的密码校验强度改为低风险


mysql> set global validate_password_policy=LOW;

如果报错:


ERROR 1193 (HY000): Unknown system variable 'validate_password_policy'

追查原因:


mysql> select plugin_name, plugin_status from information_schema.plugins where plugin_name like 'validate%';
或者
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
输出:
Empty set (0.00 sec)

结论:MySQL密码密码策略validate_password默认状态为NOT activated

解决:


mysql> install plugin validate_password soname 'validate_password.so';
输出:Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

再次


mysql> select plugin_name, plugin_status from information_schema.plugins where plugin_name like 'validate%';
输出:
+-------------------+---------------+
| plugin_name       | plugin_status |
+-------------------+---------------+
| validate_password | ACTIVE        |
+-------------------+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
输出:
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                        | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| validate_password_check_user_name    | ON    |
| validate_password_dictionary_file    |       |
| validate_password_length             | 8     |
| validate_password_mixed_case_count   | 1     |
| validate_password_number_count       | 1     |
| validate_password_policy             | LOW   |
| validate_password_special_char_count | 1     |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

设置密码强度和长度:


mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0; 
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=LOW; 
mysql> set global validate_password_length=8;

发现root用户只允许localhost主机登录,设置为允许任何地址访问


update user set Host='%' where User='root';

补充:

 ipython 是增强的交互式解释器

pip install ipython
python ./manage.py shell

输出:
Python 3.6.8 (default, Sep 10 2021, 09:13:53)
Type 'copyright', 'credits' or 'license' for more information
IPython 7.16.3 -- An enhanced Interactive Python. Type '?' for help.

In [1]:

ipython 中文乱码解决:

vi ~/.ipython/ipythonrc
输入下面 4 行内容:
# These commands allow you to indent/unindent easily, with the 4-space
# convention of the Python coding standards. Since IPython's internal
# auto-indent system also uses 4 spaces, you should not change the number of
# spaces in the code below.

 

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