关于寒假学习objective-c的感想

买了本《learn objective-c on Mac》，一开始买来看起来还蛮薄的，250页，看了后，发现语言都有很多共同的地方，新的特性都从C++和java类似过来，就是换了个名字，感觉看了以后感觉收获蛮大，虽然只接触了点皮毛。

1.C语言知识

2.了解了xcode使用

3.懂得了一些新语法和新特性。

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1.正式协议 与 非正式协议(被@optional的正式协议代替) 与文件加载保存

 

@required 一定要实现

@optional 选择性实现

 

例1.

@protocol NSCopying   //深度复制复制

-(id) copyWithZone:(NSZone*)zone;

@end

 

NSArray的copy为浅复制

 

@protocol NSCoding  //编码与解码

-(void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder*)acoder;

-(id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder*)decoder;

 

NSCoding可用于将任何对象编码为NSData    NSData可用 [data writeToFile:"tmp.txt" atomically:true] 存入硬盘

 

例1：

@interface A:NSObject<NSCopying,NSCoding> { NSString*name; } @property(copy) NSString*name; @end @implementation A @synthesize name; -(id)copyWithZone:(NSZone*)zone { A *a; a=[[[self class]allocWithZone:zone]init]; a.name=self.name; return a; } -(void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder*)acoder { [acoder codeWithObject:name forKey:@"name"]; } -(id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder*)decoder { if(self=[super init]) { NSString*n=[decoder decodeObjectForKey:@"name"]; } return self; }

 

通过NSKeyedArchiver类进行编码为NSData

NSData*data=[NSKeyedArchiver archivedDataWithRootObject:对象];自动调用encodeWithCoder

 

A *a=[NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithData:data];  //解码

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属性列表 NSArray NSDictionary NSString NSNumber NSDate NSData

1.NSArray

+(id)arrayWithObject:...  以nil结尾

-(unsigned)count;

-(id)objectAtIndex:(unsigned) index;

 

  NSMutableArray

+(id)arrayWithCapacity:(int);

-(void)addObject:(NSObject);

-(void)removeObjectAtIndex:(int)index;

2.NSDictionary

+(id)dicitonaryWithObjectsAndKeys:(id)firstObject,(NSString*)firstkey...;

-(id)objectForKey:(id)key;

 

NSMutableDictionary

+(id)dicitonaryWithCapacity:(int)n;

-(void)setObject:(id) object  forKey:(id)key;

-(void)removeObjectForKey:(id)key;

 

3.NSNumber

封装标准类型

NSNumber*a=[NSNumber numberWithInt:10];

4.NSDate

+(NSDate*)date;

+(NSDate*)dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:(int)a;

5.NSData

+(NSData*)dataWithBytes:(NSObject) length:(int);

-(int)length;

-(NSObject) bytes;

 

 

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谓词:

谓词实际上就是用简单的方式给出限制条件   可以用for 和if来替代

NSPredicate:

+(NSPredicate)predicateWithFormat:....

-(NSArray*)filteredArrayUsingPredicate:predicate;

例：@interface A :NSObject { NSString*name; } @property NSString*name; @end @implementation A @synthesize name; @end @interface B;NSObject { NSMutableArray*a; } @end @implementation B -(void)addA(NSString*n) { A*object; object.name=n; a.add(object); } @end int main() { B* bObject=[[B alloc]init]; bObject.addA("A"); bObject.addA("B"); bObject.addA("C"); bObject.addA("D"); NSPredicate*predicate=[NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name=%@","A"]; NSArray*result=[bObject filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate]; }

 

谓词还给了很多的运算符（可以沿用C的运算符）

例：沿用上了例子的类

NSPredicate*predicate=[NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"(name=='A')AND(name=='B')"];

 

数组运算符  name BETWEEN{MIN,MAX};

                 name IN{"A","B"};

SELF的运用：

NSArray*a=[NSArray arrayWithObject:@"A","B",nil];

NSPredicate*predicate=[NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@SELF IN " 'A','B' "];

 NSArray* b=[a filteredArrayUsingPredicate:predicate];

 

字符串运算符：

BEGINSWITH

ENDSWITH

CONTAINS

 

[c]忽略大小写

[d]忽略重音符

[cd]都忽略

例： BEGINSWITH[c]

 

 

LIKE运算符

LIKE '*A*' 中间包含A即可

LIKE '??A*'前面有两个字符