c++ 11 新添加 移动赋值函数

1.概要 

2.代码 

#include <iostream>
#include<String>
using namespace std;
namespace T1 {
	class A
	{
	public:
		int a;
		void fun() {
			cout << a<<endl;
		}
	};

	void test() {
		cout << "\nDefault construction ------------------------"<<endl;
		A a;
	}
}
namespace T2 {
	class A
	{
	public:
		A& operator = (const A& a) {
			cout << "assignment function call" << endl;
			this->a = a.a;
			return *this;
		}
		int a=0;
		void fun() {
			cout << a << endl;
		}
	};

	void test() {
		cout << "\nassignment function ------------------------" << endl;
		A a;
		A b;
		b = a;
		a.fun();
	}
}

namespace T3 {
	class A
	{
	public:
		A& operator = (const A&& a) noexcept{
			cout << "Move assignment function call" << endl;
			this->a = a.a;
			return *this;
		}
		int a = 0;
		void fun() {
			cout << a << endl;
		}
	};

	void test() {
		//主动移动赋值函数的调用
		cout << "\nMove assignment function ------------------------" << endl;
		A a;
		A b;
		//主动调用“移动赋值函数”
		b = move(a);
		a.fun();
	}
}

namespace T4 {
	class A
	{
	public:
		A() = default;
		A(A& a) {
			this->a = a.a;
		}
		A& operator = (const A&& a) noexcept {
			cout << "Move assignment function call" << endl;
			this->a = a.a;
			return *this;
		}
		string a = "aaaa";
		void fun() {
			cout << a << endl;
		}
	};
	class B
	{
	public:
		A toA(int v) {
			A ret;
			ret.a = v;
			//c++98:这个返回值在98的时候是必须进行深拷贝的（因为右值无法引用）
			//c++11:这里因为有移动赋值函数的存在，将这里的深拷贝变成了浅拷贝
			return ret;
		}
	};

	void test() {
		//系统自动移动赋值函数的调用
		cout << "\n2 Move assignment function ------------------------" << endl;
		A a;
		B b;
		//c++11:这个右值的赋值过程，是自动的会使用“移动赋值函数”
		a = b.toA(100);
		a.fun();
		//本质价值：右值通常只能做值传递，但是有了“移动拷贝”和“移动赋值”的存在可以对右值进行引用处理
	}
}

namespace T5 {
	class A
	{
	public:
		A() = default;
		A(A& a) {
			this->a = a.a;
		}
		A(const A&& a)noexcept {
			cout << "Move constructor calls" << endl;
			this->a = a.a;
		}
		
		string a = "aaaa";
		void fun() {
			cout << a << endl;
		}
	};
	class B
	{
	public:
		A toA(int v) {
			A ret;
			ret.a = v;
			//c++98:这个返回值在98的时候是必须进行深拷贝的（因为右值无法引用）
			//c++11:这里因为有移动构造函数的存在，将这里的深拷贝变成了浅拷贝
			return ret;
		}
	};

	void test() {
		//系统自动移动构造函数的调用
		cout << "\nMove constructor calls------------------------" << endl;
		B b;
		//c++11:这个右值的赋值过程，是自动的会使用“移动构造函数”
		A a = b.toA(100);
		a.fun();
		//本质价值：右值通常只能做值传递，但是有了“移动拷贝”和“移动赋值”的存在可以对右值进行引用处理
	}
}

int main()
{
	T1::test();
	T2::test();
	T3::test();
	T4::test();
	T5::test();
    std::cout << "Hello World!\n";
}

3.运行结果

Default construction ------------------------

assignment function ------------------------
assignment function call
0

Move assignment function ------------------------
Move assignment function call
0

2 Move assignment function ------------------------
Move assignment function call
d

Move constructor calls------------------------
d
Hello World!