17. Letter Combinations of a Phone Number【力扣】

题意理解

输入2到9数组组成的字符串,长度不限,每个数字对应几个字母,问不同的数字串对应的字母串的情况

问题分析

用回溯法。

设计回溯函数,状态空间是

基本项是数字串为空,字母串为空

归纳项是前i个字符,前i-1个字符的字母串列表加上最后一个字符的对应的字母

其他

递归设计要点,写出递归定义,由基本项和归纳项两部分组成

基本项描述了一个或几个递归过程的终结状态;

归纳项描述了如何实现从当前状态到终结状态的转化。

回溯法的函数生成有点复杂。https://leetcode.com/articles/letter-combinations-of-a-phone-number/

链接

    vector<string> letterCombinations(string digits) {
        map<string,string> dicts;
        dicts["2"] = "abc";
        dicts["3"] = "def";
        dicts["4"] = "ghi";
        dicts["5"] = "jkl";
        dicts["6"] = "mno";
        dicts["7"] = "pqrs";
        
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(Telephone Number Word Generator) Standard telephone keypads contain the digits 0 through 9. The numbers 2 through 9 each have three letters associated with them, as is indicated by the following table: Many people find it difficult to memorize phone numbers, so they use the correspondence between digits and letters to develop seven-letter words that correspond to their phone numbers. For example, a person whose telephone number is 686-2377 might use the correspondence indi- cated in the above table to develop the seven-letter word “NUMBERS.” Businesses frequently attempt to get telephone numbers that are easy for their clients to remember. If a business can advertise a simple word for its customers to dial, then no doubt the business will receive a few more calls. Each seven-letter word corresponds to exactly one seven-digit telephone number. The restaurant wishing to increase its take-home business could surely do so with the number 825-3688 (i.e., “TAKEOUT”). Each seven-digit phone number corresponds to many separate seven-letter words. Unfortunately, most of these represent unrecognizable juxtaposi- tions of letters. It’s possible, however, that the owner of a barber shop would be pleased to know that the shop’s telephone number, 424-7288, corresponds to “HAIRCUT.” A veterinarian with the phone number 738-2273 would be happy to know that the number corresponds to “PETCARE.” Write a program that, given a seven-digit number, writes to a file every possible seven-letter word corresponding to that number. There are 2187 (3 to the seventh power) such words. Avoid phone numbers with the digits 0 and 1.
06-09

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