自定义的AsyncTaskLoader类使用指南

Android源码里面一个自定义的AppListLoader，来示例如何使用AsyncTaskLoader及LoaderManager，这里做了一部分改动，方便梳理代码！

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LoaderActivity.java

package com.example.loadercustom;
import java.io.File;
import java.text.Collator;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;

import com.example.loadercustom.AppListFragment.AppListLoader;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.FragmentManager;
import android.content.AsyncTaskLoader;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.content.pm.ActivityInfo;
import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

/**
 * Demonstration of the implementation of a custom Loader.
 */
public class LoaderActivity extends Activity {
	private static final String TAG = "yxf";
	
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        FragmentManager fm = getFragmentManager();
        // Create the list fragment and add it as our sole content.
        if (fm.findFragmentById(android.R.id.content) == null) {
            AppListFragment list = new AppListFragment();
            fm.beginTransaction().add(android.R.id.content, list).commit();
        }
    }
    
	/**
     * This class holds the per-item data in our Loader.
     */
    public static class AppEntry {
    	private final AppListLoader mLoader;
        private final ApplicationInfo mInfo;
        private final File mApkFile;
        private String mLabel;
        private Drawable mIcon;
        private boolean mMounted;
        
        public AppEntry(AppListLoader loader, ApplicationInfo info) {
            mLoader = loader;
            mInfo = info;
            mApkFile = new File(info.sourceDir);
        }

        public ApplicationInfo getApplicationInfo() {
            return mInfo;
        }

        public String getLabel() {
            return mLabel;
        }

        public Drawable getIcon() {
            if (mIcon == null) {
                if (mApkFile.exists()) {
                    mIcon = mInfo.loadIcon(mLoader.mPm);
                    return mIcon;
                } else {
                    mMounted = false;
                }
            } else if (!mMounted) {
                // If the app wasn't mounted but is now mounted, reload
                // its icon.
                if (mApkFile.exists()) {
                    mMounted = true;
                    mIcon = mInfo.loadIcon(mLoader.mPm);
                    return mIcon;
                }
            } else {
                return mIcon;
            }

            return mLoader.getContext().getResources().getDrawable(
                    android.R.drawable.sym_def_app_icon);
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return mLabel;
        }

        void loadLabel(Context context) {
            if (mLabel == null || !mMounted) {
                if (!mApkFile.exists()) {
                    mMounted = false;
                    mLabel = mInfo.packageName;
                } else {
                    mMounted = true;
                    CharSequence label = mInfo.loadLabel(context.getPackageManager());
                    mLabel = label != null ? label.toString() : mInfo.packageName;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Helper for determining if the configuration has changed in an interesting
     * way so we need to rebuild the app list.
     */
    public static class InterestingConfigChanges {
        final Configuration mLastConfiguration = new Configuration();
        int mLastDensity;

        boolean applyNewConfig(Resources res) {
            int configChanges = mLastConfiguration.updateFrom(res.getConfiguration());
            boolean densityChanged = mLastDensity != res.getDisplayMetrics().densityDpi;
            if (densityChanged || (configChanges&(ActivityInfo.CONFIG_LOCALE
                    |ActivityInfo.CONFIG_UI_MODE|ActivityInfo.CONFIG_SCREEN_LAYOUT)) != 0) {
                mLastDensity = res.getDisplayMetrics().densityDpi;
                return true;
            }
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Helper class to look for interesting changes to the installed apps
     * so that the loader can be updated.
     */
    public static class PackageIntentReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
        final AppListLoader mLoader;

        public PackageIntentReceiver(AppListLoader loader) {
            mLoader = loader;
            IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED);
            filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED);
            filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_CHANGED);
            filter.addDataScheme("package");
            mLoader.getContext().registerReceiver(this, filter);
            // Register for events related to sdcard installation.
            IntentFilter sdFilter = new IntentFilter();
            sdFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_EXTERNAL_APPLICATIONS_AVAILABLE);
            sdFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_EXTERNAL_APPLICATIONS_UNAVAILABLE);
            mLoader.getContext().registerReceiver(this, sdFilter);
        }

        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            // Tell the loader about the change.
            mLoader.onContentChanged();
        }
    }

    public static class AppListAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<AppEntry> {
        private final LayoutInflater mInflater;

        public AppListAdapter(Context context) {
            super(context, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_2);
            mInflater = (LayoutInflater)context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
        }

        public void setData(List<AppEntry> data) {
            clear();
            if (data != null) {
                addAll(data);
            }
        }
        
        @Override
        public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
            View view;
            if (convertView == null) {
                view = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.list_item_icon_text, parent, false);
            } else {
                view = convertView;
            }

            AppEntry item = getItem(position);
            ((ImageView)view.findViewById(R.id.icon)).setImageDrawable(item.getIcon());
            ((TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.text)).setText(item.getLabel());

            return view;
        }
    }
}

AppListFragment.java

package com.example.loadercustom;

import java.text.Collator;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;

import com.example.loadercustom.LoaderActivity.AppEntry;
import com.example.loadercustom.LoaderActivity.AppListAdapter;
import com.example.loadercustom.LoaderActivity.InterestingConfigChanges;
import com.example.loadercustom.LoaderActivity.PackageIntentReceiver;

import android.app.ListFragment;
import android.app.LoaderManager.LoaderCallbacks;
import android.content.AsyncTaskLoader;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Loader;
import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;

public class AppListFragment extends ListFragment{

	private static final String TAG = "LoaderManager-yxf";

	AppListAdapter mAdapter;

	@Override
	public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);

		setEmptyText("No applications");

		setHasOptionsMenu(true);

		mAdapter = new AppListAdapter(getActivity());
		setListAdapter(mAdapter);

		// Start out with a progress indicator.
		setListShown(false);

		// Prepare the loader. Either re-connect with an existing one, or start
		// a new one.
		//getLoaderManager().enableDebugLogging(true);//for debugging
		getLoaderManager().initLoader(0, null, mCallbacks);
	}
	
	private LoaderCallbacks<List<AppEntry>> mCallbacks = new LoaderCallbacks<List<AppEntry>>() {

		@Override
		public Loader<List<AppEntry>> onCreateLoader(int id, Bundle args) {
			// This is called when a new Loader needs to be created. This
			// sample only has one Loader with no arguments, so it is simple.
			Log.d(TAG, "LoaderCallBack, onCreateLoader");
			return new AppListLoader(getActivity());
		}

		@Override
		public void onLoadFinished(Loader<List<AppEntry>> loader,
				List<AppEntry> data) {
			// Set the new data in the adapter.
			mAdapter.setData(data);

			/**
			 * isResume() methos Return true if the fragment is in the resumed
			 * state. This is true for the duration of {@link #onResume()} and
			 * {@link #onPause()} as well.
			 */
			if (isResumed()) {
				setListShown(true);
			} else {
				setListShownNoAnimation(true);
			}
		}

		@Override
		public void onLoaderReset(Loader<List<AppEntry>> loader) {
			// Clear the data in the adapter.
			mAdapter.setData(null);
		}
	};	

    /**
     * Perform alphabetical comparison of application entry objects.
     */
    public static final Comparator<AppEntry> ALPHA_COMPARATOR = new Comparator<AppEntry>() {
        private final Collator sCollator = Collator.getInstance();
        @Override
        public int compare(AppEntry object1, AppEntry object2) {
            return sCollator.compare(object1.getLabel(), object2.getLabel());
        }
    };
    
	/**
     * A custom Loader that loads all of the installed applications.
     */
    public static class AppListLoader extends AsyncTaskLoader<List<AppEntry>> {
        final InterestingConfigChanges mLastConfig = new InterestingConfigChanges();
        final PackageManager mPm;
        List<AppEntry> mApps;
        PackageIntentReceiver mPackageObserver;

        public AppListLoader(Context context) {
            super(context);
            mPm = getContext().getPackageManager();
        }

        @Override
		protected void onStartLoading() {
			if (mApps != null) {
				deliverResult(mApps);
			}
			if (mPackageObserver == null) {
				mPackageObserver = new PackageIntentReceiver(this);
			}
			boolean configChange = mLastConfig.applyNewConfig(getContext()
					.getResources());

			if (takeContentChanged() || mApps == null || configChange) {
				forceLoad();
			}
		}
        
        @Override
        public List<AppEntry> loadInBackground() {
            // Retrieve all known applications.
            List<ApplicationInfo> apps = mPm.getInstalledApplications(
                    PackageManager.GET_UNINSTALLED_PACKAGES |
                    PackageManager.GET_DISABLED_COMPONENTS);
            if (apps == null) {
                apps = new ArrayList<ApplicationInfo>();
            }

            final Context context = getContext();
            // Create corresponding array of entries and load their labels.
            List<AppEntry> entries = new ArrayList<AppEntry>(apps.size());
            for (int i=0; i<apps.size(); i++) {
                AppEntry entry = new AppEntry(this, apps.get(i));
                entry.loadLabel(context);
                entries.add(entry);
            }
            // Sort the list.
            Collections.sort(entries, ALPHA_COMPARATOR);
            return entries;
        }

        
        /**
         * Called when there is new data to deliver to the client.  The
         * super class will take care of delivering it; the implementation
         * here just adds a little more logic.
         */
        @Override
        public void deliverResult(List<AppEntry> apps) {
            if (isReset()) {
                // An async query came in while the loader is stopped.  We
                // don't need the result.
                if (apps != null) {
                    onReleaseResources(apps);
                }
            }
            List<AppEntry> oldApps = mApps;
            mApps = apps;
            if (isStarted()) {
                super.deliverResult(apps);
            }
            
            if (oldApps != null) {
                onReleaseResources(oldApps);
            }
        }

        @Override
        protected void onStopLoading() {
        	Log.e(TAG,"AppListFragment, onStopLoading(), " + new Exception());
            cancelLoad();
        }

        @Override
        public void onCanceled(List<AppEntry> apps) {
            super.onCanceled(apps);
            onReleaseResources(apps);
        }

        @Override
        protected void onReset() {
            super.onReset();
            // Ensure the loader is stopped		
            onStopLoading();

            if (mApps != null) {
                onReleaseResources(mApps);
                mApps = null;
            }

            if (mPackageObserver != null) {
                getContext().unregisterReceiver(mPackageObserver);
                mPackageObserver = null;
            }
        }

        protected void onReleaseResources(List<AppEntry> apps) {
        	Log.d(TAG,"AppListLoader,onReleaseResources");
            // For a simple List<> there is nothing to do.  For something
            // like a Cursor, we would close it here.
        }
    }
}

res/layout/list_item_icon_text.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <ImageView android:id="@+id/icon"
        android:layout_width="48dip"
        android:layout_height="48dip" />

    <TextView android:id="@+id/text"
        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
        android:layout_width="0dip"
        android:layout_weight="1.0"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</LinearLayout>