C++引用和指针

引用即别名，只用在C++中。是指一个变量的另一个名字。指针在C、C++中的用法一致。

下面是一个例子，说明了引用和指针的基本用法。

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>

void swapr(int& a, int& b)
{
	int temp;
	temp = a;
	a = b;
	b = temp;
}

void swapt(int* a, int* b)
{
	int temp;
	temp = *a;
	*a = *b;
	*b = temp;
}


int main(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
	using namespace std;
	int val0 = 7, val1 = 3;
	int &val2 = val0;
	int &val3 = val1;

	cout <<"val0 = " << val0 << endl;
	cout <<"val1 = " << val1 << endl;
	cout <<"val2 = " << val2 << endl;
	cout <<"val3 = " << val3 << endl;

	swapr(val0, val1);

	cout <<"val0 = " << val0 << endl;
	cout <<"val1 = " << val1 << endl;

	val0 = 7; 
	val1 = 3;

	swapt(&val0, &val1);
	
	cout <<"val0 = " << val0 << endl;
	cout <<"val1 = " << val1 << endl;

	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

打印结果：

val0 = 7
val1 = 3
val2 = 7
val3 = 3
val0 = 3
val1 = 7
val0 = 3
val1 = 7