Junit4中的新断言assertThat的使用方法

• 引入junit4的jar包

  import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.*;  
  import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.*;     
  import java.util.ArrayList;
  import java.util.HashMap;
  import java.util.List;
  import java.util.Map;
   
  import org.junit.Before;
  import org.junit.Test;
   
  import com.lyh.share.model.User;
   
  public class UserDaoTest {
           
          private User test1;
          private User test2;
           
          @Before
          public void init(){
                  test1 = new User();
                  test1.setUsername("tt1");
                  test1.setPassword("123");
                  test1.setShares(50);
                  test2 = new User();
                  test2.setUsername("tt2");
                  test2.setPassword("321");
                  test2.setShares(20);
          }
           
          @Test
          public void findUser(){
                   
                  /**数值匹配**/
                  //测试变量是否大于指定值
                  assertThat(test1.getShares(), greaterThan(50));
                  //测试变量是否小于指定值
                  assertThat(test1.getShares(), lessThan(100));
                  //测试变量是否大于等于指定值
                  assertThat(test1.getShares(), greaterThanOrEqualTo(50));
                  //测试变量是否小于等于指定值
                  assertThat(test1.getShares(), lessThanOrEqualTo(100));
                   
                  //测试所有条件必须成立
                  assertThat(test1.getShares(), allOf(greaterThan(50),lessThan(100)));
                  //测试只要有一个条件成立
                  assertThat(test1.getShares(), anyOf(greaterThanOrEqualTo(50), lessThanOrEqualTo(100)));
                  //测试无论什么条件成立(还没明白这个到底是什么意思)
                  assertThat(test1.getShares(), anything());
                  //测试变量值等于指定值
                  assertThat(test1.getShares(), is(100));
                  //测试变量不等于指定值
                  assertThat(test1.getShares(), not(50));
                   
                  /**字符串匹配**/
                  String url = "http://www.taobao.com";
                  //测试变量是否包含指定字符
                  assertThat(url, containsString("taobao"));
                  //测试变量是否已指定字符串开头
                  assertThat(url, startsWith("http://"));
                  //测试变量是否以指定字符串结尾
                  assertThat(url, endsWith(".com"));
                  //测试变量是否等于指定字符串
                  assertThat(url, equalTo("http://www.taobao.com"));
                  //测试变量再忽略大小写的情况下是否等于指定字符串
                  assertThat(url, equalToIgnoringCase("http://www.taobao.com"));
                  //测试变量再忽略头尾任意空格的情况下是否等于指定字符串
                  assertThat(url, equalToIgnoringWhiteSpace("http://www.taobao.com"));
                   
                   
                  /**集合匹配**/
                   
                  List<User> user = new ArrayList<User>();
                  user.add(test1);
                  user.add(test2);
                   
                  //测试集合中是否还有指定元素
                  assertThat(user, hasItem(test1));
                  assertThat(user, hasItem(test2));
   
                  /**Map匹配**/
                  Map<String,User> userMap = new HashMap<String,User>();
                  userMap.put(test1.getUsername(), test1);
                  userMap.put(test2.getUsername(), test2);
                   
                  //测试map中是否还有指定键值对
                  assertThat(userMap, hasEntry(test1.getUsername(), test1));
                  //测试map中是否还有指定键
                  assertThat(userMap, hasKey(test2.getUsername()));
                  //测试map中是否还有指定值
                  assertThat(userMap, hasValue(test2));
          }
           
  }

一般匹配符

1. allOf

   匹配符表明如果接下来的所有条件必须都成立测试才通过，相当于“与”（&&）
   assertThat( testedNumber, allOf( greaterThan(8), lessThan(16) ) );

2. anyOf

   匹配符表明如果接下来的所有条件只要有一个成立则测试通过，相当于“或”（||）
   assertThat( testedNumber, anyOf( greaterThan(16), lessThan(8) ) );

3. anything

   匹配符表明无论什么条件，永远为true
   assertThat( testedNumber, anything() );

4. is

   匹配符表明如果前面待测的object等于后面给出的object，则测试通过
   assertThat( testedString, is( “developerWorks” ) );

5. not

   匹配符和is匹配符正好相反，表明如果前面待测的object不等于后面给出的object，则测试通过
   assertThat( testedString, not( “developerWorks” ) );

字符串相关匹配符

1. containsString

   匹配符表明如果测试的字符串testedString 包含 子字符串"developerWorks"则测试通过
   assertThat( testedString, containsString( “developerWorks” ) );

2. endsWith

   匹配符表明如果测试的字符串testedString以子字符串"developerWorks"结尾则测试通过
   assertThat( testedString, endsWith( “developerWorks” ) );

3. startsWith

   匹配符表明如果测试的字符串testedString以子字符串"developerWorks"开始则测试通过
   assertThat( testedString, startsWith( “developerWorks” ) );

4. equalTo

   匹配符表明如果测试的testedValue等于expectedValue则测试通过，equalTo可以测试数值之间，字符串

   之间和对象之间是否相等，相当于Object的equals方法
   assertThat( testedValue, equalTo( expectedValue ) );

5. equalToIgnoringCase

   匹配符表明如果测试的字符串testedString在忽略大小写的情况下等于"developerWorks"则测试通过
   assertThat( testedString, equalToIgnoringCase( “developerWorks” ) );

6. equalToIgnoringWhiteSpace

   匹配符表明如果测试的字符串testedString在忽略头尾的任意个空格的情况下等于"developerWorks"则

   测试通过，注意：字符串中的空格不能被忽略
   assertThat( testedString, equalToIgnoringWhiteSpace( “developerWorks” ) );

数值相关匹配符

1. closeTo

   匹配符表明如果所测试的浮点型数testedDouble在20.0±0.5范围之内则测试通过
   assertThat( testedDouble, closeTo( 20.0, 0.5 ) );

2. greaterThan

   匹配符表明如果所测试的数值testedNumber大于16.0则测试通过
   assertThat( testedNumber, greaterThan(16.0) );

3. lessThan

   匹配符表明如果所测试的数值testedNumber小于16.0则测试通过
   assertThat( testedNumber, lessThan (16.0) );

4. greaterThanOrEqualTo

   匹配符表明如果所测试的数值testedNumber大于等于16.0则测试通过
   assertThat( testedNumber, greaterThanOrEqualTo (16.0) );

5. lessThanOrEqualTo

   匹配符表明如果所测试的数值testedNumber小于等于16.0则测试通过
   assertThat( testedNumber, lessThanOrEqualTo (16.0) );

collection相关匹配符

1. hasEntry

   匹配符表明如果测试的Map对象mapObject含有一个键值为"key"对应元素值为"value"的Entry项则测试通过
   assertThat( mapObject, hasEntry( “key”, “value” ) );

2. hasItem

   匹配符表明如果测试的迭代对象iterableObject含有元素“element”项则测试通过
   assertThat( iterableObject, hasItem ( “element” ) );

3. hasKey

   匹配符表明如果测试的Map对象mapObject含有键值“key”则测试通过
   assertThat( mapObject, hasKey ( “key” ) );

4. hasValue

   匹配符表明如果测试的Map对象mapObject含有元素值“value”则测试通过
   assertThat( mapObject, hasValue ( “key” ) );