Rust基础之泛型

例子1
fn largest_i32(list:&[i32])->&i32 {
    let mut largest=&list[0];

    for item in list{
        if item > largest{
            largest=item;
        }
    }

    largest
}

fn largest_char(list:&[char])->&char{
    let mut largest = &list[0];

    for item in list {
        if item>largest{
            largest=item;
        }
    }

    largest
}

fn main() {
    let number_list=vec![34,50,25,100,65];
    let result=largest_i32(&number_list);
    println!("The largest number is {}",result);

    let char_list=vec!['y','m','a','q'];
    let result=largest_char(&char_list);
    println!("The largest char is {}",result);
}

例子2
fn largest<T:std::cmp::PartialOrd>(list:&[T])->&T {
    let mut largest=&list[0];

    for item in list{
        if item > largest{
            largest=item;
        }
    }

    largest
}

fn main() {
    let number_list=vec![34,50,25,100,65];
    let result=largest(&number_list);
    println!("The largest number is {}",result);

    let char_list=vec!['y','m','a','q'];
    let result=largest(&char_list);
    println!("The largest char is {}",result);
}

例子3
struct Point<T>{
    x:T,
    y:T,
}

fn main() {
    let integer=Point{x:5,y:10};
    let float=Point{x:1.0,y:4.0};
}

例子4
struct Point<T,U>{
    x:T,
    y:U,
}

fn main() {
    let integer=Point{x:5,y:10.0};
    let float=Point{x:1,y:4.0};
}

例子5，枚举中的泛型
enum Option<T> {
    Some(T),
    None,
}

enum Result<T,E> {
    Ok(T),
    Err(E),
}


例子6，方法定义中的泛型
struct Point<T>{
    x:T,
    y:T,
}

impl <T> Point<T> {
    fn x(&self)->&T{
        &self.x
    }
}

fn main() {
    let p = Point{x:5,y:10};
    println!("p.x={}",p.x());
}

例子7
struct Point<X1,Y1>{
    x:X1,
    y:Y1
}

impl<X1,Y1> Point<X1,Y1> {
    fn mixup<X2,Y2>(self,other:Point<X2,Y2>)->Point<X1,Y2>{
        Point{
            x:self.x,
            y:other.y,
        }
    }
}

fn main(){
    let p1=Point{x:5,y:10.4};
    let p2=Point{x:"Hello",y:'c'};
    let p3=p1.mixup(p2);
    println!("p3.x={},p3.y={}",p3.x,p3.y);
}