urllib，urllib2，urllib3区别

参考链接：

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/53689373

https://blog.csdn.net/IMW_MG/article/details/78555375

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/30801463

 

python3中也有urllib和urllib3两个库，其中urllib几乎是python2.7中urllib和urllib2两个模块的集合，所以我们最常用的urllib模块，而urllib3则作为一个拓展模块使用。

python2.7中的urllib2 = python3中的urllib.request

通常python2.7中的urllib2在移植到python3中时可以改写成import urllib.request as urllib2

举例:

Python2:
>>> import urllib2

>>> response=urllib2.urlopen('http://www.baidu.com/')

>>> print(response.read())

 

Python3:

>>> import urllib.request

>>> response=urllib.request.urlopen('http://www.baidu.com/')

>>> print(response.read())
 

可以使用dir(urllib)和dir(urllib2)在python2.7和python3环境中分别打印库中的所有函数

Python 2 name

• urllib.urlretrieve()
• urllib.urlcleanup()
• urllib.quote()
• urllib.quote_plus()
• urllib.unquote()
• urllib.unquote_plus()
• urllib.urlencode()
• urllib.pathname2url()
• urllib.url2pathname()
• urllib.getproxies()
• urllib.URLopener
• urllib.FancyURLopener
• urllib.ContentTooShortError
• urllib2.urlopen()
• urllib2.install_opener()
• urllib2.build_opener()
• urllib2.URLError
• urllib2.HTTPError
• urllib2.Request
• urllib2.OpenerDirector
• urllib2.BaseHandler
• urllib2.HTTPDefaultErrorHandler
• urllib2.HTTPRedirectHandler
• urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor
• urllib2.ProxyHandler
• urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgr
• urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm
• urllib2.AbstractBasicAuthHandler
• urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler
• urllib2.ProxyBasicAuthHandler
• urllib2.AbstractDigestAuthHandler
• urllib2.HTTPDigestAuthHandler
• urllib2.ProxyDigestAuthHandler
• urllib2.HTTPHandler
• urllib2.HTTPSHandler
• urllib2.FileHandler
• urllib2.FTPHandler
• urllib2.CacheFTPHandler
• urllib2.UnknownHandler

Python 3 name

• urllib.request.urlretrieve()
• urllib.request.urlcleanup()
• urllib.parse.quote()
• urllib.parse.quote_plus()
• urllib.parse.unquote()
• urllib.parse.unquote_plus()
• urllib.parse.urlencode()
• urllib.request.pathname2url()
• urllib.request.url2pathname()
• urllib.request.getproxies()
• urllib.request.URLopener
• urllib.request.FancyURLopener
• urllib.error.ContentTooShortError
• urllib.request.urlopen()
• urllib.request.install_opener()
• urllib.request.build_opener()
• urllib.error.URLError
• urllib.error.HTTPError
• urllib.request.Request
• urllib.request.OpenerDirector
• urllib.request.BaseHandler
• urllib.request.HTTPDefaultErrorHandler
• urllib.request.HTTPRedirectHandler
• urllib.request.HTTPCookieProcessor
• urllib.request.ProxyHandler
• urllib.request.HTTPPasswordMgr
• urllib.request.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm
• urllib.request.AbstractBasicAuthHandler
• urllib.request.HTTPBasicAuthHandler
• urllib.request.ProxyBasicAuthHandler
• urllib.request.AbstractDigestAuthHandler
• urllib.request.HTTPDigestAuthHandler
• urllib.request.ProxyDigestAuthHandler
• urllib.request.HTTPHandler
• urllib.request.HTTPSHandler
• urllib.request.FileHandler
• urllib.request.FTPHandler
• urllib.request.CacheFTPHandler
• urllib.request.UnknownHandler