Design a Phone Directory which supports the following operations:
get: Provide a number which is not assigned to anyone.
check: Check if a number is available or not.
release: Recycle or release a number.
Example:
// Init a phone directory containing a total of 3 numbers: 0, 1, and
2. PhoneDirectory directory = new PhoneDirectory(3);// It can return any available phone number. Here we assume it returns
0. directory.get();// Assume it returns 1. directory.get();
// The number 2 is available, so return true. directory.check(2);
// It returns 2, the only number that is left. directory.get();
// The number 2 is no longer available, so return false.
directory.check(2);// Release number 2 back to the pool. directory.release(2);
// Number 2 is available again, return true. directory.check(2);
s思路:
1. 设计题,最开始想到可以用unordered_set
2. 参考http://www.cnblogs.com/grandyang/p/5735205.html 不用set或queue或stack,都会TLE。这种情况下,说明可以直接用vector来模拟这些复杂的数据结构,两个vector,一个放回收的数据,方便o(1)取数据;一个放数据是否存在pool的flag,方便o(1)查询是否存在!!!不得不说很高级很简洁啊!
//方法1:用unordered_set来做,所有操作o(1)。最大的问题是constructor需要o(n)的时间,但是每次get的时候,又是依次输出,所以完全可以用一个递增的变量代替目前get那个位置了,而不用傻头傻脑的把如此规则的数先存起来再取,时间太慢!!!
class PhoneDirectory {
public:
/** Initialize your data structure here
@param maxNumbers - The maximum numbers that can be stored in the phone directory. */
PhoneDirectory(int maxNumbers) {
maxNum=maxNumbers;
for(int i=0;i<maxNum;i++)
ss.insert(i);
}
/** Provide a number which is not assigned to anyone.
@return - Return an available number. Return -1 if none is available. */
int get() {
if(ss.size()>0){
int cur=*ss.begin();
ss.erase(cur);
return cur;
}
return -1;
}
/** Check if a number is available or not. */
bool check(int number) {
if(number>=0&&number<maxNum&&ss.count(number))
return true;
return false;
}
/** Recycle or release a number. */
void release(int number) {
if(number>=0&&number<maxNum)
ss.insert(number);
}
private:
unordered_set<int> ss;
int maxNum;
};
//方法2:用一个变量next来保存取的数据,把release的数据放在一个新的vector或queue内,然后用一个vector<bool>做标记,表名某一个值在pool内。
class PhoneDirectory {
public:
/** Initialize your data structure here
@param maxNumbers - The maximum numbers that can be stored in the phone directory. */
PhoneDirectory(int maxNumbers) {
maxNum=maxNumbers;
next=0;
index=0;
pool.resize(maxNum);
flag.resize(maxNum,1);//初始化表明所有数都有!
}
/** Provide a number which is not assigned to anyone.
@return - Return an available number. Return -1 if none is available. */
int get() {
if(next==maxNum&&index<=0) return -1;
if(index>0){
int cur=pool[--index];
flag[cur]=0;
return cur;
}
if(next<maxNum){
flag[next]=0;
return next++;
}
}
/** Check if a number is available or not. */
bool check(int number) {
if(number>=0&&number<maxNum&&flag[number])
return true;
return false;
//以上三句可以浓缩成一句:
return (number>=0&&number<maxNum&&flag[number]);
}
/** Recycle or release a number. */
void release(int number) {
if(number>=0&&number<maxNum&&flag[number]==0){
pool[index++]=number;
flag[number]=1;
}
}
private:
vector<int> pool;
vector<bool> flag;
int maxNum;
int next,index;
};